from the user manual for VirtualBox related to accessing USB devices: "On Linux hosts, VirtualBox accesses USB devices on Linux through the usbfs file system. Therefore, the user executing VirtualBox needs read and write permission to the USB file system. Most distributions provide a group (e.g. usbusers) which the VirtualBox user needs to be added to. Also, VirtualBox can only proxy to virtual machines USB devices which are not claimed by a Linux host USB driver. Please refer to the driver= entry in /proc/bus/usb/devices to see which devices are claimed." my questions: 1) what means this "driver=" entry in /proc/bus/usb/devices? never heard of it. it certainly doesn't appear to exist on fedora. did it ever? 2) i also see no evidence of a "usbusers" group on fedora. in any event, since standard USB access seems to be working, i'm guessing those two issues aren't relevant WRT fedora. should i care? thoughts? rday -- ======================================================================== Robert P. J. Day Linux Consulting, Training and Annoying Kernel Pedantry: Have classroom, will lecture. http://crashcourse.ca Waterloo, Ontario, CANADA ========================================================================