Tod wrote: : : I am still working on the knowing thing. Did run across an interesting article: : : http://techpubs.sgi.com/library/tpl/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?coll=linux&db=man&fname=/usr/share/catman/man8/hwclock.8.html Yep. Try `man hwclock' on your own system. Should be the same thing. That's the first or second document one shd. read to learn about system clocks. (The other is the `adjtimex' man page.) Then, if you want to go deeper, start reading David Mills' documents on the NTP time protocol. It really is a wonderfully complex and fascinating technology. People who have experience with PLLs (phase locked loops) and feedback systems will delight in it. Dean