On Fri, 2007-12-07 at 00:44 +0000, Timothy Murphy wrote: > it seems to me that encryption necessarily involves, > or requires, authentication. Generically, no... It just means the traffic is encrypted, whatever it is. e.g. I can look at bugzilla using a HTTPS connection, but I haven't logged in, so it doesn't know who I am. That's encryption without authentication. But if you, then, authenticate in some way through that encrypted connection, you get both. i.e. You log on. -- Don't send private replies to my address, the mailbox is ignored. I read messages from the public lists.