Folks, As the subject line says - I somehow blew away Aa-lL* in the /etc directory but recovered everything I could from the backup tapes but unfortunately the permissions and/or some files are corrupted or missing from the latest installs AFTER by last backup -- I lost the X11 and KDE but was able to recover X11 (somewhat) and moving onto KDE -- but what I really want is to force reinstall everything that is needed and is current. I tried: up2date -f -u and that does not work -- says everything is "up to date" and does not bother to check. I tried: up2date -f -i -- same thing. So -- how do I force up2date to reinstall or recheck all of the files in /etc or at least reinstall everything including the updates? Thanks! Dan