For your first question, I have no answer :-( For the second question I use this script I found posted on the Mozillazine Fourm... <snip> #!/bin/bash /home/marguz/firefox/firefox -remote "openURL("$@", new-tab)" || exec /home/marguz/firefox/firefox "$@"; </snip> -- Mark Guzzo LCA, LCP Citrix Administrator Sinai Health Systems 773.257.5799 Registered Linux User #318090 http://counter.li.org