From: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <[email protected]>
Add a set of accessors to pack, unpack and modify page table entries
(at all levels). This allows a paravirt implementation to control the
contents of pgd/pmd/pte entries. For example, Xen uses this to
convert the (pseudo-)physical address into a machine address when
populating a pagetable entry, and converting back to pphys address
when an entry is read.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <[email protected]>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <[email protected]>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <[email protected]>
---
arch/i386/kernel/paravirt.c | 84 +++++---------------------------------
arch/i386/kernel/vmi.c | 6 +-
include/asm-i386/page.h | 79 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
include/asm-i386/paravirt.h | 52 ++++++++++++++++++-----
include/asm-i386/pgtable-2level.h | 26 +++++++++--
include/asm-i386/pgtable-3level.h | 63 +++++++++++++++++-----------
include/asm-i386/pgtable.h | 2
7 files changed, 184 insertions(+), 128 deletions(-)
===================================================================
Index: linux/arch/i386/kernel/paravirt.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/arch/i386/kernel/paravirt.c
+++ linux/arch/i386/kernel/paravirt.c
@@ -117,78 +117,6 @@ static void native_flush_tlb_single(u32
__native_flush_tlb_single(addr);
}
-#ifndef CONFIG_X86_PAE
-static void native_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
-{
- *ptep = pteval;
-}
-
-static void native_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
-{
- *ptep = pteval;
-}
-
-static void native_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval)
-{
- *pmdp = pmdval;
-}
-
-#else /* CONFIG_X86_PAE */
-
-static void native_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
-{
- ptep->pte_high = pte.pte_high;
- smp_wmb();
- ptep->pte_low = pte.pte_low;
-}
-
-static void native_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
-{
- ptep->pte_high = pte.pte_high;
- smp_wmb();
- ptep->pte_low = pte.pte_low;
-}
-
-static void native_set_pte_present(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
-{
- ptep->pte_low = 0;
- smp_wmb();
- ptep->pte_high = pte.pte_high;
- smp_wmb();
- ptep->pte_low = pte.pte_low;
-}
-
-static void native_set_pte_atomic(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
-{
- set_64bit((unsigned long long *)ptep,pte_val(pteval));
-}
-
-static void native_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval)
-{
- set_64bit((unsigned long long *)pmdp,pmd_val(pmdval));
-}
-
-static void native_set_pud(pud_t *pudp, pud_t pudval)
-{
- *pudp = pudval;
-}
-
-static void native_pte_clear(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
-{
- ptep->pte_low = 0;
- smp_wmb();
- ptep->pte_high = 0;
-}
-
-static void native_pmd_clear(pmd_t *pmd)
-{
- u32 *tmp = (u32 *)pmd;
- *tmp = 0;
- smp_wmb();
- *(tmp + 1) = 0;
-}
-#endif /* CONFIG_X86_PAE */
-
/* These are in entry.S */
extern void native_iret(void);
extern void native_irq_enable_sysexit(void);
@@ -282,14 +210,26 @@ struct paravirt_ops paravirt_ops = {
.set_pmd = native_set_pmd,
.pte_update = paravirt_nop,
.pte_update_defer = paravirt_nop,
+
+ .ptep_get_and_clear = native_ptep_get_and_clear,
+
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
.set_pte_atomic = native_set_pte_atomic,
.set_pte_present = native_set_pte_present,
.set_pud = native_set_pud,
.pte_clear = native_pte_clear,
.pmd_clear = native_pmd_clear,
+
+ .pmd_val = native_pmd_val,
+ .make_pmd = native_make_pmd,
#endif
+ .pte_val = native_pte_val,
+ .pgd_val = native_pgd_val,
+
+ .make_pte = native_make_pte,
+ .make_pgd = native_make_pgd,
+
.irq_enable_sysexit = native_irq_enable_sysexit,
.iret = native_iret,
Index: linux/arch/i386/kernel/vmi.c
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/arch/i386/kernel/vmi.c
+++ linux/arch/i386/kernel/vmi.c
@@ -443,13 +443,13 @@ static void vmi_release_pd(u32 pfn)
((level) | (is_current_as(mm, user) ? \
(VMI_PAGE_DEFER | VMI_PAGE_CURRENT_AS | ((addr) & VMI_PAGE_VA_MASK)) : 0))
-static void vmi_update_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep)
+static void vmi_update_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
{
vmi_check_page_type(__pa(ptep) >> PAGE_SHIFT, VMI_PAGE_PTE);
vmi_ops.update_pte(ptep, vmi_flags_addr(mm, addr, VMI_PAGE_PT, 0));
}
-static void vmi_update_pte_defer(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep)
+static void vmi_update_pte_defer(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
{
vmi_check_page_type(__pa(ptep) >> PAGE_SHIFT, VMI_PAGE_PTE);
vmi_ops.update_pte(ptep, vmi_flags_addr_defer(mm, addr, VMI_PAGE_PT, 0));
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@ static void vmi_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte
vmi_ops.set_pte(pte, ptep, VMI_PAGE_PT);
}
-static void vmi_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
+static void vmi_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
{
vmi_check_page_type(__pa(ptep) >> PAGE_SHIFT, VMI_PAGE_PTE);
vmi_ops.set_pte(pte, ptep, vmi_flags_addr(mm, addr, VMI_PAGE_PT, 0));
Index: linux/include/asm-i386/page.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/asm-i386/page.h
+++ linux/include/asm-i386/page.h
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
#ifdef __KERNEL__
#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
-
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_USE_3DNOW
#include <asm/mmx.h>
@@ -42,26 +41,81 @@
* These are used to make use of C type-checking..
*/
extern int nx_enabled;
+
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
extern unsigned long long __supported_pte_mask;
typedef struct { unsigned long pte_low, pte_high; } pte_t;
typedef struct { unsigned long long pmd; } pmd_t;
typedef struct { unsigned long long pgd; } pgd_t;
typedef struct { unsigned long long pgprot; } pgprot_t;
-#define pmd_val(x) ((x).pmd)
-#define pte_val(x) ((x).pte_low | ((unsigned long long)(x).pte_high << 32))
-#define __pmd(x) ((pmd_t) { (x) } )
+
+static inline unsigned long long native_pgd_val(pgd_t pgd)
+{
+ return pgd.pgd;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long long native_pmd_val(pmd_t pmd)
+{
+ return pmd.pmd;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long long native_pte_val(pte_t pte)
+{
+ return pte.pte_low | ((unsigned long long)pte.pte_high << 32);
+}
+
+static inline pgd_t native_make_pgd(unsigned long long val)
+{
+ return (pgd_t) { val };
+}
+
+static inline pmd_t native_make_pmd(unsigned long long val)
+{
+ return (pmd_t) { val };
+}
+
+static inline pte_t native_make_pte(unsigned long long val)
+{
+ return (pte_t) { .pte_low = val, .pte_high = (val >> 32) } ;
+}
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
+#define pmd_val(x) native_pmd_val(x)
+#define __pmd(x) native_make_pmd(x)
+#endif
+
#define HPAGE_SHIFT 21
#include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopud.h>
-#else
+#else /* !CONFIG_X86_PAE */
typedef struct { unsigned long pte_low; } pte_t;
typedef struct { unsigned long pgd; } pgd_t;
typedef struct { unsigned long pgprot; } pgprot_t;
#define boot_pte_t pte_t /* or would you rather have a typedef */
-#define pte_val(x) ((x).pte_low)
+
+static inline unsigned long native_pgd_val(pgd_t pgd)
+{
+ return pgd.pgd;
+}
+
+static inline unsigned long native_pte_val(pte_t pte)
+{
+ return pte.pte_low;
+}
+
+static inline pgd_t native_make_pgd(unsigned long val)
+{
+ return (pgd_t) { val };
+}
+
+static inline pte_t native_make_pte(unsigned long val)
+{
+ return (pte_t) { .pte_low = val };
+}
+
#define HPAGE_SHIFT 22
#include <asm-generic/pgtable-nopmd.h>
-#endif
+#endif /* CONFIG_X86_PAE */
+
#define PTE_MASK PAGE_MASK
#ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
@@ -71,13 +125,16 @@ typedef struct { unsigned long pgprot; }
#define HAVE_ARCH_HUGETLB_UNMAPPED_AREA
#endif
-#define pgd_val(x) ((x).pgd)
#define pgprot_val(x) ((x).pgprot)
-
-#define __pte(x) ((pte_t) { (x) } )
-#define __pgd(x) ((pgd_t) { (x) } )
#define __pgprot(x) ((pgprot_t) { (x) } )
+#ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
+#define pgd_val(x) native_pgd_val(x)
+#define __pgd(x) native_make_pgd(x)
+#define pte_val(x) native_pte_val(x)
+#define __pte(x) native_make_pte(x)
+#endif
+
#endif /* !__ASSEMBLY__ */
/* to align the pointer to the (next) page boundary */
Index: linux/include/asm-i386/paravirt.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/asm-i386/paravirt.h
+++ linux/include/asm-i386/paravirt.h
@@ -2,7 +2,6 @@
#define __ASM_PARAVIRT_H
/* Various instructions on x86 need to be replaced for
* para-virtualization: those hooks are defined here. */
-#include <linux/linkage.h>
#include <linux/stringify.h>
#include <asm/page.h>
@@ -25,6 +24,8 @@
#define CLBR_ANY 0x7
#ifndef __ASSEMBLY__
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
struct thread_struct;
struct Xgt_desc_struct;
struct tss_struct;
@@ -55,11 +56,6 @@ struct paravirt_ops
int (*set_wallclock)(unsigned long);
void (*time_init)(void);
- /* All the function pointers here are declared as "fastcall"
- so that we get a specific register-based calling
- convention. This makes it easier to implement inline
- assembler replacements. */
-
void (*cpuid)(unsigned int *eax, unsigned int *ebx,
unsigned int *ecx, unsigned int *edx);
@@ -139,16 +135,33 @@ struct paravirt_ops
void (*release_pd)(u32 pfn);
void (*set_pte)(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval);
- void (*set_pte_at)(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval);
+ void (*set_pte_at)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval);
void (*set_pmd)(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmdval);
- void (*pte_update)(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep);
- void (*pte_update_defer)(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep);
+ void (*pte_update)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep);
+ void (*pte_update_defer)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep);
+
+ pte_t (*ptep_get_and_clear)(pte_t *ptep);
+
#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
void (*set_pte_atomic)(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval);
- void (*set_pte_present)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte);
+ void (*set_pte_present)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte);
void (*set_pud)(pud_t *pudp, pud_t pudval);
- void (*pte_clear)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep);
+ void (*pte_clear)(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep);
void (*pmd_clear)(pmd_t *pmdp);
+
+ unsigned long long (*pte_val)(pte_t);
+ unsigned long long (*pmd_val)(pmd_t);
+ unsigned long long (*pgd_val)(pgd_t);
+
+ pte_t (*make_pte)(unsigned long long pte);
+ pmd_t (*make_pmd)(unsigned long long pmd);
+ pgd_t (*make_pgd)(unsigned long long pgd);
+#else
+ unsigned long (*pte_val)(pte_t);
+ unsigned long (*pgd_val)(pgd_t);
+
+ pte_t (*make_pte)(unsigned long pte);
+ pgd_t (*make_pgd)(unsigned long pgd);
#endif
void (*set_lazy_mode)(int mode);
@@ -219,6 +232,8 @@ static inline void __cpuid(unsigned int
#define read_cr4_safe(x) paravirt_ops.read_cr4_safe()
#define write_cr4(x) paravirt_ops.write_cr4(x)
+#define raw_ptep_get_and_clear(xp) (paravirt_ops.ptep_get_and_clear(xp))
+
static inline void raw_safe_halt(void)
{
paravirt_ops.safe_halt();
@@ -304,6 +319,17 @@ static inline void halt(void)
(paravirt_ops.write_idt_entry((dt), (entry), (low), (high)))
#define set_iopl_mask(mask) (paravirt_ops.set_iopl_mask(mask))
+#define __pte(x) paravirt_ops.make_pte(x)
+#define __pgd(x) paravirt_ops.make_pgd(x)
+
+#define pte_val(x) paravirt_ops.pte_val(x)
+#define pgd_val(x) paravirt_ops.pgd_val(x)
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_PAE
+#define __pmd(x) paravirt_ops.make_pmd(x)
+#define pmd_val(x) paravirt_ops.pmd_val(x)
+#endif
+
/* The paravirtualized I/O functions */
static inline void slow_down_io(void) {
paravirt_ops.io_delay();
@@ -344,6 +370,7 @@ static inline void setup_secondary_clock
}
#endif
+
#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
static inline void startup_ipi_hook(int phys_apicid, unsigned long start_eip,
unsigned long start_esp)
@@ -371,7 +398,8 @@ static inline void set_pte(pte_t *ptep,
paravirt_ops.set_pte(ptep, pteval);
}
-static inline void set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, u32 addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
+static inline void set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
+ pte_t *ptep, pte_t pteval)
{
paravirt_ops.set_pte_at(mm, addr, ptep, pteval);
}
Index: linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable-2level.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/asm-i386/pgtable-2level.h
+++ linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable-2level.h
@@ -11,10 +11,23 @@
* within a page table are directly modified. Thus, the following
* hook is made available.
*/
+static inline void native_set_pte(pte_t *ptep , pte_t pte)
+{
+ *ptep = pte;
+}
+static inline void native_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
+ pte_t *ptep , pte_t pte)
+{
+ native_set_pte(ptep, pte);
+}
+static inline void native_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmd)
+{
+ *pmdp = pmd;
+}
#ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
-#define set_pte(pteptr, pteval) (*(pteptr) = pteval)
-#define set_pte_at(mm,addr,ptep,pteval) set_pte(ptep,pteval)
-#define set_pmd(pmdptr, pmdval) (*(pmdptr) = (pmdval))
+#define set_pte(pteptr, pteval) native_set_pte(pteptr, pteval)
+#define set_pte_at(mm,addr,ptep,pteval) native_set_pte_at(mm, addr, ptep, pteval)
+#define set_pmd(pmdptr, pmdval) native_set_pmd(pmdptr, pmdval)
#endif
#define set_pte_atomic(pteptr, pteval) set_pte(pteptr,pteval)
@@ -23,11 +36,14 @@
#define pte_clear(mm,addr,xp) do { set_pte_at(mm, addr, xp, __pte(0)); } while (0)
#define pmd_clear(xp) do { set_pmd(xp, __pmd(0)); } while (0)
-#define raw_ptep_get_and_clear(xp) __pte(xchg(&(xp)->pte_low, 0))
+static inline pte_t native_ptep_get_and_clear(pte_t *xp)
+{
+ return __pte(xchg(&xp->pte_low, 0));
+}
#define pte_page(x) pfn_to_page(pte_pfn(x))
#define pte_none(x) (!(x).pte_low)
-#define pte_pfn(x) ((unsigned long)(((x).pte_low >> PAGE_SHIFT)))
+#define pte_pfn(x) (pte_val(x) >> PAGE_SHIFT)
#define pfn_pte(pfn, prot) __pte(((pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT) | pgprot_val(prot))
#define pfn_pmd(pfn, prot) __pmd(((pfn) << PAGE_SHIFT) | pgprot_val(prot))
Index: linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable-3level.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/asm-i386/pgtable-3level.h
+++ linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable-3level.h
@@ -42,20 +42,23 @@ static inline int pte_exec_kernel(pte_t
return pte_x(pte);
}
-#ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
/* Rules for using set_pte: the pte being assigned *must* be
* either not present or in a state where the hardware will
* not attempt to update the pte. In places where this is
* not possible, use pte_get_and_clear to obtain the old pte
* value and then use set_pte to update it. -ben
*/
-static inline void set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
+static inline void native_set_pte(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
{
ptep->pte_high = pte.pte_high;
smp_wmb();
ptep->pte_low = pte.pte_low;
}
-#define set_pte_at(mm,addr,ptep,pteval) set_pte(ptep,pteval)
+static inline void native_set_pte_at(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
+ pte_t *ptep , pte_t pte)
+{
+ native_set_pte(ptep, pte);
+}
/*
* Since this is only called on user PTEs, and the page fault handler
@@ -63,7 +66,8 @@ static inline void set_pte(pte_t *ptep,
* we are justified in merely clearing the PTE present bit, followed
* by a set. The ordering here is important.
*/
-static inline void set_pte_present(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
+static inline void native_set_pte_present(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr,
+ pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
{
ptep->pte_low = 0;
smp_wmb();
@@ -72,32 +76,48 @@ static inline void set_pte_present(struc
ptep->pte_low = pte.pte_low;
}
-#define set_pte_atomic(pteptr,pteval) \
- set_64bit((unsigned long long *)(pteptr),pte_val(pteval))
-#define set_pmd(pmdptr,pmdval) \
- set_64bit((unsigned long long *)(pmdptr),pmd_val(pmdval))
-#define set_pud(pudptr,pudval) \
- (*(pudptr) = (pudval))
+static inline void native_set_pte_atomic(pte_t *ptep, pte_t pte)
+{
+ set_64bit((unsigned long long *)(ptep),native_pte_val(pte));
+}
+static inline void native_set_pmd(pmd_t *pmdp, pmd_t pmd)
+{
+ set_64bit((unsigned long long *)(pmdp),native_pmd_val(pmd));
+}
+static inline void native_set_pud(pud_t *pudp, pud_t pud)
+{
+ *pudp = pud;
+}
/*
* For PTEs and PDEs, we must clear the P-bit first when clearing a page table
* entry, so clear the bottom half first and enforce ordering with a compiler
* barrier.
*/
-static inline void pte_clear(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
+static inline void native_pte_clear(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long addr, pte_t *ptep)
{
ptep->pte_low = 0;
smp_wmb();
ptep->pte_high = 0;
}
-static inline void pmd_clear(pmd_t *pmd)
+static inline void native_pmd_clear(pmd_t *pmd)
{
u32 *tmp = (u32 *)pmd;
*tmp = 0;
smp_wmb();
*(tmp + 1) = 0;
}
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_PARAVIRT
+#define set_pte(ptep, pte) native_set_pte(ptep, pte)
+#define set_pte_at(mm, addr, ptep, pte) native_set_pte_at(mm, addr, ptep, pte)
+#define set_pte_present(mm, addr, ptep, pte) native_set_pte_present(mm, addr, ptep, pte)
+#define set_pte_atomic(ptep, pte) native_set_pte_atomic(ptep, pte)
+#define set_pmd(pmdp, pmd) native_set_pmd(pmdp, pmd)
+#define set_pud(pudp, pud) native_set_pud(pudp, pud)
+#define pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep) native_pte_clear(mm, addr, ptep)
+#define pmd_clear(pmd) native_pmd_clear(pmd)
#endif
/*
@@ -119,7 +139,7 @@ static inline void pud_clear (pud_t * pu
#define pmd_offset(pud, address) ((pmd_t *) pud_page(*(pud)) + \
pmd_index(address))
-static inline pte_t raw_ptep_get_and_clear(pte_t *ptep)
+static inline pte_t native_ptep_get_and_clear(pte_t *ptep)
{
pte_t res;
@@ -146,28 +166,21 @@ static inline int pte_none(pte_t pte)
static inline unsigned long pte_pfn(pte_t pte)
{
- return (pte.pte_low >> PAGE_SHIFT) |
- (pte.pte_high << (32 - PAGE_SHIFT));
+ return pte_val(pte) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
}
extern unsigned long long __supported_pte_mask;
static inline pte_t pfn_pte(unsigned long page_nr, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
- pte_t pte;
-
- pte.pte_high = (page_nr >> (32 - PAGE_SHIFT)) | \
- (pgprot_val(pgprot) >> 32);
- pte.pte_high &= (__supported_pte_mask >> 32);
- pte.pte_low = ((page_nr << PAGE_SHIFT) | pgprot_val(pgprot)) & \
- __supported_pte_mask;
- return pte;
+ return __pte((((unsigned long long)page_nr << PAGE_SHIFT) |
+ pgprot_val(pgprot)) & __supported_pte_mask);
}
static inline pmd_t pfn_pmd(unsigned long page_nr, pgprot_t pgprot)
{
- return __pmd((((unsigned long long)page_nr << PAGE_SHIFT) | \
- pgprot_val(pgprot)) & __supported_pte_mask);
+ return __pmd((((unsigned long long)page_nr << PAGE_SHIFT) |
+ pgprot_val(pgprot)) & __supported_pte_mask);
}
/*
Index: linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable.h
===================================================================
--- linux.orig/include/asm-i386/pgtable.h
+++ linux/include/asm-i386/pgtable.h
@@ -266,6 +266,8 @@ static inline pte_t pte_mkhuge(pte_t pte
#define pte_update(mm, addr, ptep) do { } while (0)
#define pte_update_defer(mm, addr, ptep) do { } while (0)
#define paravirt_map_pt_hook(slot, va, pfn) do { } while (0)
+
+#define raw_ptep_get_and_clear(xp) native_ptep_get_and_clear(xp)
#endif
/*
-
To unsubscribe from this list: send the line "unsubscribe linux-kernel" in
the body of a message to [email protected]
More majordomo info at http://vger.kernel.org/majordomo-info.html
Please read the FAQ at http://www.tux.org/lkml/
[Index of Archives]
[Kernel Newbies]
[Netfilter]
[Bugtraq]
[Photo]
[Stuff]
[Gimp]
[Yosemite News]
[MIPS Linux]
[ARM Linux]
[Linux Security]
[Linux RAID]
[Video 4 Linux]
[Linux for the blind]
[Linux Resources]
