Hello
Sorry, previous mail contained 2 patches incorrectly inlined. This time
everything should be correct.
On Tue, 2006-07-04 at 15:12 +0400, Vladimir V. Saveliev wrote:
> Hello
>
> Andrew, thanks a lot for your improvements.
> Here is new version of the patch.
>
> On Thu, 2006-06-29 at 18:50 -0700, Andrew Morton wrote:
> > On Thu, 29 Jun 2006 12:17:36 -0700
> > Hans Reiser <[email protected]> wrote:
> > >
> > >
> > > This patch adds a method batch_write to struct address_space_operations.
> > > A filesystem may want to implement this operation to improve write performance.
> > > Generic implementation for the method is made by cut-n-paste off generic_file_buffered_write:
> > > it writes one page using prepare_write and commit_write address space operations.
> > >
> >
> > Please remember to fill in the authorship and signed-off-by info.
> >
>
> done.
>
> > The approach seems sane.
> >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > > diff -puN include/linux/fs.h~batched-write include/linux/fs.h
> > > --- linux-2.6.17-mm3/include/linux/fs.h~batched-write 2006-06-28 21:39:27.000000000 +0400
> > > +++ linux-2.6.17-mm3-root/include/linux/fs.h 2006-06-28 21:39:27.000000000 +0400
> > > @@ -346,6 +346,39 @@ enum positive_aop_returns {
> > > struct page;
> > > struct address_space;
> > > struct writeback_control;
> > > +typedef struct write_descriptor write_descriptor_t;
> >
> > Let's just use `struct write descriptor' throughout please.
> >
>
> done.
>
> > > +
> > > +/*
> > > + * This is "write_actor" function type, used by write() to copy data from user
> > > + * space. There are two functions of this type: write_actor and
> > > + * write_iovec_actor. First is used when user data are in one segment, second
> > > + * is used in case of vectored write.
> > > + */
> > > +typedef size_t (*write_actor_t)(struct page *, unsigned long, size_t,
> > > + const write_descriptor_t *);
> >
> > But yes, we do use typedefs for these things - they're such a mouthful.
> >
>
> As long as now we never call batch_write to write from more than
> segment - we do no need write_actor. filemap_copy_from_user is only used
> to copy data.
>
> > Can we please fill in the variable names in declarations such as this? You
> > look at it and wonder what that `unsigned long' and `size_t' actually _do_.
> > It's so much clearer if the names are filled in.
> >
> > > +/**
> > > + * struct write_descriptor - set of write arguments
> > > + * @pos: offset from the start of the file to write to
> > > + * @count: number of bytes to write
> > > + * @cur_iov: current i/o vector
> > > + * @iov_off: offset within current i/o vector
> > > + * @buf: user data
> > > + * @actor: function to copy user data with
> > > + *
> > > + * This structure is to pass to batch_write address space operation all
> > > + * information which is needed to continue write.
> > > + */
> > > +struct write_descriptor {
> > > + loff_t pos;
> > > + size_t count;
> > > + const struct iovec *cur_iov;
> > > + size_t iov_off;
> > > + char __user *buf;
> > > + write_actor_t actor;
> > > +};
> >
> > Boy, it's complex, isn't it? Not your fault though.
> >
>
> struct write_descriptor changed. It has 5 fields now.
>
> > > +#include <linux/pagevec.h>
> >
> > A simple declaration:
> >
> > struct pagevec;
> >
> > would suffice here. Please place it right at the top-of-file, with the others.
> >
>
> done.
>
> > > struct address_space_operations {
> > > int (*writepage)(struct page *page, struct writeback_control *wbc);
> > > @@ -367,6 +400,8 @@ struct address_space_operations {
> > > */
> > > int (*prepare_write)(struct file *, struct page *, unsigned, unsigned);
> > > int (*commit_write)(struct file *, struct page *, unsigned, unsigned);
> > > + long (*batch_write)(struct file *, const write_descriptor_t *,
> > > + struct pagevec *, struct page **, size_t *);
> >
> > It's nice to fill in the names here too, IMO. Yes, there are past sins
> > there.
> >
>
> done.
>
> > Should this be an address_space_operation or a file_operation?
> >
>
> I was seeking to be minimal in my changes to the philosophy of the code.
> So, it was an address_space operation. Now it is a file operation.
>
>
> > > +/**
> > > + * generic_batch_write - generic implementation of batched write
> >
> > gneric_file_batch_write(), perhaps? I guess that depends upon the
> > answer to the previous question.
> >
>
> renamed.
>
> > > + * @file: the file to write to
> > > + * @desc: set of write arguments
> > > + * @lru_pvec: multipage container to batch adding pages to LRU list
> > > + * @cached_page: allocated but not used on previous call
> > > + * @written: returned number of bytes successfully written
> > > + *
> > > + * This implementation of batch_write method writes not more than one page of
> > > + * file. It faults in user space, allocates page and calls prepare_write and
> > > + * commit_write address space operations. User data are copied by an actor
> > > + * which is set by caller depending on whether write or writev is on the way.
> > > + */
> > > +static long generic_batch_write(struct file *file,
> > > + const write_descriptor_t *desc,
> > > + struct pagevec *lru_pvec,
> > > + struct page **cached_page, size_t *written)
> >
> > I wonder if we really need that cached_page thing.
> >
> > Did you consider putting more of these arguments into the (now non-const)
> > `struct write_descriptor'? It'd be sligtly more efficient and would save
> > stack on some of our stack-hungriest codepaths.
> >
>
> lru_pvec and cached_page are included to struct write_descriptor.
>
> > > +{
> > > + const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = file->f_mapping->a_ops;
> > > + struct page *page;
> > > + unsigned long index;
> > > + size_t bytes;
> > > + unsigned long offset;
> > > + long status;
> > > +
> > > + /* offset within page write is to start at */
> > > + offset = (desc->pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1));
> > >
> > > - do {
> > > - unsigned long index;
> > > - unsigned long offset;
> > > - size_t copied;
> > > -
> > > - offset = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE -1)); /* Within page */
> > > - index = pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
> > > - bytes = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
> > > + /* index of page we are to write to */
> > > + index = desc->pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
> > >
> > > - /* Limit the size of the copy to the caller's write size */
> > > - bytes = min(bytes, count);
> > > + /* number of bytes which can be written to the page */
> > > + bytes = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
> > >
> > > - /*
> > > - * Limit the size of the copy to that of the current segment,
> > > - * because fault_in_pages_readable() doesn't know how to walk
> > > - * segments.
> > > - */
> > > - bytes = min(bytes, cur_iov->iov_len - iov_base);
> > > + /* Limit the size of the copy to the caller's write size */
> > > + bytes = min(bytes, desc->count);
> > >
> > > + /*
> > > + * Limit the size of the copy to that of the current segment,
> > > + * because fault_in_pages_readable() doesn't know how to walk
> > > + * segments.
> > > + */
> > > + bytes = min(bytes, desc->cur_iov->iov_len - desc->iov_off);
> > > +
> > > + while (1) {
> > > /*
> > > * Bring in the user page that we will copy from _first_.
> > > * Otherwise there's a nasty deadlock on copying from the
> > > * same page as we're writing to, without it being marked
> > > * up-to-date.
> > > */
> > > - fault_in_pages_readable(buf, bytes);
> > > + fault_in_pages_readable(desc->buf, bytes);
> > >
> > > - page = __grab_cache_page(mapping,index,&cached_page,&lru_pvec);
> > > - if (!page) {
> > > - status = -ENOMEM;
> > > - break;
> > > - }
> > > + page = __grab_cache_page(file->f_mapping, index, cached_page,
> > > + lru_pvec);
> > > + if (!page)
> > > + return -ENOMEM;
> > >
> > > - status = a_ops->prepare_write(file, page, offset, offset+bytes);
> > > + status = a_ops->prepare_write(file, page, offset,
> > > + offset+bytes);
> >
> > The code you're patching here changed this morning, and it'll change again
> > (a little bit) in the next few days.
> >
>
> New patch is against 2.6.17-mm5.
>
> > And Neil has suggested some simplifications to filemap_set_next_iovec(),
> > although I don't think anyone's working on that at present (everyone's
> > justifiably afraid to touch this code).
> > > +
> > > +ssize_t
> > > +generic_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
> > > + unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, loff_t *ppos,
> > > + size_t count, ssize_t written)
> > > +{
> > > + struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
> > > + struct address_space * mapping = file->f_mapping;
> > > + const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = mapping->a_ops;
> > > + struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
> > > + long status;
> > > + struct page *cached_page = NULL;
> > > + struct pagevec lru_pvec;
> > > + write_descriptor_t desc;
> > > + size_t copied = 0;
> > > +
> > > + pagevec_init(&lru_pvec, 0);
> > > +
> > > + /*
> > > + * initialize write descriptor fields: position to write to
> > > + * and number of bytes to write
> > > + */
> > > + desc.pos = pos;
> > > + desc.count = count;
> > > +
> > > + /*
> > > + * handle partial DIO write. Adjust cur_iov if needed.
> > > + */
> > > + if (likely(nr_segs == 1)) {
> > > + desc.cur_iov = iov;
> > > + desc.iov_off = written;
> > > + desc.actor = write_actor;
> > > + } else {
> > > + filemap_set_next_iovec(&desc.cur_iov, &desc.iov_off, written);
> > > + desc.actor = write_iovec_actor;
> > > + }
> > > + /* pointer to user buffer */
> > > + desc.buf = desc.cur_iov->iov_base + desc.iov_off;
> > > +
> > > + do {
> > > + /*
> > > + * When calling the filesystem for writes, there is processing
> > > + * that must be done:
> > > + * 1) per word
> > > + * 2) per page
> > > + * 3) per call to the FS
> > > + * If the FS is called per page, then it turns out that 3)
> > > + * costs more than 1) and 2) for sophisticated filesystems. To
> > > + * allow the FS to choose to pay the cost of 3) only once we
> > > + * call batch_write, if the FS supports it.
> > > + */
> >
> > I think it's better that the more philosophical comments like this go in
> > the comment block at the start of the function.
> >
>
> This comment is moved at the start of this function.
>
> > > + if (a_ops->batch_write)
> > > + status = a_ops->batch_write(file, &desc, &lru_pvec,
> > > + &cached_page, &copied);
> > > + else
> > > + status = generic_batch_write(file, &desc, &lru_pvec,
> > > + &cached_page, &copied);
> > > + if (likely(copied > 0)) {
> >
> > This is missing this morning's handle-zero-length-segment bugfix.
> >
>
> I hope new patch deals properly with zero length segments. I writev-ed a
> vector which had 3 zero length segments: first, last and 3rd.
>
> > > + written += copied;
> > > + desc.count -= copied;
> > > + if (desc.count) {
> > > + /*
> > > + * not everything is written yet. Adjust write
> > > + * descriptor for next iteration
> > > + */
> > > + desc.pos += copied;
> > > + if (unlikely(nr_segs > 1))
> > > + filemap_set_next_iovec(&desc.cur_iov,
> > > + &desc.iov_off,
> > > + copied);
> > > + else
> > > + desc.iov_off += copied;
> > > + desc.buf = desc.cur_iov->iov_base +
> > > + desc.iov_off;
> > > + }
> > > + }
> > > if (status < 0)
> > > break;
> > > balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
> > > cond_resched();
> > > - } while (count);
> > > - *ppos = pos;
> > > + } while (desc.count);
> > > + *ppos = pos + written;
> > >
> > > if (cached_page)
> > > page_cache_release(cached_page);
> >
--- Begin Message ---
- Subject: No Subject
- From:
- Date: Tue, 04 Jul 2006 15:21:57 +0400
From: Vladimir Saveliev <[email protected]>
This patch adds a method batch_write to struct file_operations.
A filesystem may want to implement this operation to improve write performance.
Generic implementation for the method is made by cut-n-paste off generic_file_buffered_write:
it writes one page using prepare_write and commit_write address space operations.
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Saveliev <[email protected]>
diff -puN include/linux/fs.h~batched-write include/linux/fs.h
--- linux-2.6.17-mm5/include/linux/fs.h~batched-write 2006-07-04 14:07:47.000000000 +0400
+++ linux-2.6.17-mm5-vs/include/linux/fs.h 2006-07-04 14:39:11.000000000 +0400
@@ -246,6 +246,7 @@ struct poll_table_struct;
struct kstatfs;
struct vm_area_struct;
struct vfsmount;
+struct pagevec;
extern void __init inode_init(unsigned long);
extern void __init inode_init_early(void);
@@ -1096,6 +1097,25 @@ typedef int (*read_actor_t)(read_descrip
#define HAVE_COMPAT_IOCTL 1
#define HAVE_UNLOCKED_IOCTL 1
+/**
+ * struct write_descriptor - set of write arguments
+ * @pos: offset from the start of the file to write to
+ * @count: number of bytes to write
+ * @buf: pointer to data to be written
+ * @lru_pvec: multipage container to batch adding pages to LRU list
+ * @cached_page: allocated but not used on previous call
+ *
+ * This structure is to pass to batch_write file operation all
+ * information which is needed to continue write.
+ */
+struct write_descriptor {
+ loff_t pos;
+ size_t count;
+ char __user *buf;
+ struct page *cached_page;
+ struct pagevec *lru_pvec;
+};
+
/*
* NOTE:
* read, write, poll, fsync, readv, writev, unlocked_ioctl and compat_ioctl
@@ -1123,6 +1143,8 @@ struct file_operations {
int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
ssize_t (*readv) (struct file *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t *);
ssize_t (*writev) (struct file *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t *);
+ long (*batch_write)(struct file *file, struct write_descriptor *desc,
+ size_t *written);
ssize_t (*sendfile) (struct file *, loff_t *, size_t, read_actor_t, void *);
ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int);
unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
diff -puN mm/filemap.c~batched-write mm/filemap.c
--- linux-2.6.17-mm5/mm/filemap.c~batched-write 2006-07-04 14:07:47.000000000 +0400
+++ linux-2.6.17-mm5-vs/mm/filemap.c 2006-07-04 15:09:58.000000000 +0400
@@ -2159,78 +2159,59 @@ generic_file_direct_write(struct kiocb *
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(generic_file_direct_write);
-ssize_t
-generic_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
- unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, loff_t *ppos,
- size_t count, ssize_t written)
+/**
+ * generic_file_batch_write - generic batch_write file operation
+ * @file: the file to write to
+ * @desc: set of write arguments
+ * @written: returned number of bytes successfully written
+ *
+ * This implementation of batch_write file operation method writes not
+ * more than one page of file. It faults in user space, allocates page
+ * and calls prepare_write and commit_write address space
+ * operations. User data are copied by filemap_copy_from_user.
+ */
+static long generic_file_batch_write(struct file *file,
+ struct write_descriptor *desc,
+ size_t *written)
{
- struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
- struct address_space * mapping = file->f_mapping;
- const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = mapping->a_ops;
- struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
- long status = 0;
- struct page *page;
- struct page *cached_page = NULL;
- size_t bytes;
- struct pagevec lru_pvec;
- const struct iovec *cur_iov = iov; /* current iovec */
- size_t iov_base = 0; /* offset in the current iovec */
- char __user *buf;
-
- pagevec_init(&lru_pvec, 0);
-
- /*
- * handle partial DIO write. Adjust cur_iov if needed.
- */
- if (likely(nr_segs == 1))
- buf = iov->iov_base + written;
- else {
- filemap_set_next_iovec(&cur_iov, &iov_base, written);
- buf = cur_iov->iov_base + iov_base;
- }
-
- do {
- unsigned long index;
- unsigned long offset;
- size_t copied;
-
- offset = (pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE -1)); /* Within page */
- index = pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
- bytes = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
-
- /* Limit the size of the copy to the caller's write size */
- bytes = min(bytes, count);
-
- /*
- * Limit the size of the copy to that of the current segment,
- * because fault_in_pages_readable() doesn't know how to walk
- * segments.
- */
- bytes = min(bytes, cur_iov->iov_len - iov_base);
+ const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = file->f_mapping->a_ops;
+ struct page *page;
+ unsigned long index;
+ size_t bytes;
+ unsigned long offset;
+ long status;
+
+ /* offset within page write is to start at */
+ offset = (desc->pos & (PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - 1));
+
+ /* index of page we are to write to */
+ index = desc->pos >> PAGE_CACHE_SHIFT;
+
+ /* number of bytes which can be written to the page */
+ bytes = PAGE_CACHE_SIZE - offset;
+
+ /* limit the size of the copy to the caller's write size */
+ bytes = min(bytes, desc->count);
+ BUG_ON(bytes == 0);
+ while (1) {
/*
* Bring in the user page that we will copy from _first_.
* Otherwise there's a nasty deadlock on copying from the
* same page as we're writing to, without it being marked
* up-to-date.
*/
- fault_in_pages_readable(buf, bytes);
+ fault_in_pages_readable(desc->buf, bytes);
- page = __grab_cache_page(mapping,index,&cached_page,&lru_pvec);
- if (!page) {
- status = -ENOMEM;
- break;
- }
+ page = __grab_cache_page(file->f_mapping, index,
+ &desc->cached_page, desc->lru_pvec);
+ if (!page)
+ return -ENOMEM;
- if (unlikely(bytes == 0)) {
- status = 0;
- copied = 0;
- goto zero_length_segment;
- }
-
- status = a_ops->prepare_write(file, page, offset, offset+bytes);
+ status = a_ops->prepare_write(file, page, offset,
+ offset+bytes);
if (unlikely(status)) {
- loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
+ loff_t isize = i_size_read(file->f_mapping->host);
if (status != AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
unlock_page(page);
@@ -2238,61 +2219,139 @@ generic_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb
if (status == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE)
continue;
/*
- * prepare_write() may have instantiated a few blocks
- * outside i_size. Trim these off again.
+ * prepare_write() may have instantiated a few
+ * blocks outside i_size. Trim these off
+ * again.
*/
- if (pos + bytes > isize)
- vmtruncate(inode, isize);
- break;
+ if (desc->pos + bytes > isize)
+ vmtruncate(file->f_mapping->host, isize);
+ return status;
}
- if (likely(nr_segs == 1))
- copied = filemap_copy_from_user(page, offset,
- buf, bytes);
- else
- copied = filemap_copy_from_user_iovec(page, offset,
- cur_iov, iov_base, bytes);
+
+ /*
+ * call write actor in order to copy user data to the
+ * page
+ */
+ *written = filemap_copy_from_user(page, offset, desc->buf,
+ bytes);
+
flush_dcache_page(page);
status = a_ops->commit_write(file, page, offset, offset+bytes);
if (status == AOP_TRUNCATED_PAGE) {
page_cache_release(page);
continue;
}
-zero_length_segment:
- if (likely(copied >= 0)) {
- if (!status)
- status = copied;
+ unlock_page(page);
+ mark_page_accessed(page);
+ page_cache_release(page);
+ break;
+ }
+ /*
+ * If commit_write returned error - write failed and we zero
+ * number of written bytes. If filemap_copy_from_user copied
+ * less than it was asked to we return -EFAULT and number of
+ * bytes actually written.
+ */
+ if (status)
+ *written = 0;
+ else if (*written != bytes)
+ status = -EFAULT;
+ return status;
+}
- if (status >= 0) {
- written += status;
- count -= status;
- pos += status;
- buf += status;
- if (unlikely(nr_segs > 1)) {
+/*
+ * When calling the filesystem for writes, there is processing
+ * that must be done:
+ * 1) per word
+ * 2) per page
+ * 3) per call to the FS
+ * If the FS is called per page, then it turns out that 3) costs more
+ * than 1) and 2) for sophisticated filesystems. To allow the FS to
+ * choose to pay the cost of 3) only once we call batch_write, if the
+ * FS supports it.
+ */
+ssize_t
+generic_file_buffered_write(struct kiocb *iocb, const struct iovec *iov,
+ unsigned long nr_segs, loff_t pos, loff_t *ppos,
+ size_t count, ssize_t written)
+{
+ struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+ struct address_space * mapping = file->f_mapping;
+ const struct address_space_operations *a_ops = mapping->a_ops;
+ struct inode *inode = mapping->host;
+ long status;
+ struct pagevec lru_pvec;
+ struct write_descriptor desc;
+ size_t copied = 0;
+ const struct iovec *cur_iov = iov; /* current iovec */
+ size_t iov_base = 0; /* offset in the current iovec */
+ long (*batch_write)(struct file *file,
+ struct write_descriptor *desc,
+ size_t *written);
+
+ pagevec_init(&lru_pvec, 0);
+
+ /*
+ * initialize write descriptor fields: position to write to
+ * and number of bytes to write
+ */
+ desc.pos = pos;
+ desc.cached_page = NULL;
+ desc.lru_pvec = &lru_pvec;
+
+ /*
+ * handle partial DIO write. Adjust cur_iov if needed.
+ */
+ if (likely(nr_segs == 1))
+ iov_base = written;
+ else
+ filemap_set_next_iovec(&cur_iov, &iov_base, written);
+
+ /*
+ * if file system implements batch_write method - use it,
+ * otherwise - use generic_batch_write
+ */
+ if (file->f_op->batch_write)
+ batch_write = file->f_op->batch_write;
+ else
+ batch_write = generic_file_batch_write;
+
+ do {
+ /* do not walk over current segment */
+ desc.buf = cur_iov->iov_base + iov_base;
+ desc.count = cur_iov->iov_len - iov_base;
+ if (desc.count > 0)
+ status = batch_write(file, &desc, &copied);
+ else {
+ copied = 0;
+ status = 0;
+ }
+ if (likely(copied >= 0)) {
+ written += copied;
+ count -= copied;
+ if (count) {
+ /*
+ * not everything is written yet. Adjust write
+ * descriptor for next iteration
+ */
+ desc.pos += copied;
+ if (likely(nr_segs == 1))
+ iov_base += copied;
+ else
filemap_set_next_iovec(&cur_iov,
- &iov_base, status);
- if (count)
- buf = cur_iov->iov_base +
- iov_base;
- } else {
- iov_base += status;
- }
+ &iov_base,
+ copied);
}
}
- if (unlikely(copied != bytes))
- if (status >= 0)
- status = -EFAULT;
- unlock_page(page);
- mark_page_accessed(page);
- page_cache_release(page);
- if (status < 0)
- break;
- balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
- cond_resched();
- } while (count);
- *ppos = pos;
-
- if (cached_page)
- page_cache_release(cached_page);
+ if (status < 0)
+ break;
+ balance_dirty_pages_ratelimited(mapping);
+ cond_resched();
+ } while (count);
+ *ppos = pos + written;
+
+ if (desc.cached_page)
+ page_cache_release(desc.cached_page);
/*
* For now, when the user asks for O_SYNC, we'll actually give O_DSYNC
diff -puN Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt~batched-write Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt
--- linux-2.6.17-mm5/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt~batched-write 2006-07-04 14:34:53.000000000 +0400
+++ linux-2.6.17-mm5-vs/Documentation/filesystems/vfs.txt 2006-07-04 14:37:16.000000000 +0400
@@ -717,6 +717,8 @@ struct file_operations {
int (*lock) (struct file *, int, struct file_lock *);
ssize_t (*readv) (struct file *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t *);
ssize_t (*writev) (struct file *, const struct iovec *, unsigned long, loff_t *);
+ long (*batch_write)(struct file *file, struct write_descriptor *desc,
+ size_t *written);
ssize_t (*sendfile) (struct file *, loff_t *, size_t, read_actor_t, void *);
ssize_t (*sendpage) (struct file *, struct page *, int, size_t, loff_t *, int);
unsigned long (*get_unmapped_area)(struct file *, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long, unsigned long);
@@ -784,6 +786,8 @@ otherwise noted.
writev: called by the writev(2) system call
+ batch_write: optional, if implemented called by writev(2) and write(2)
+
sendfile: called by the sendfile(2) system call
get_unmapped_area: called by the mmap(2) system call
_
--- End Message ---
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