it's late so i'm sure i'm just being dense in not knowing this, but is there a simpler way to check if the first character of a string is a "/" rather than the cumbersome: if [ "x${VAR##/*}" = "x" ] ; then ... surely there must be *something* that doesn't look quite so grotesque. rday -- ======================================================================== Robert P. J. Day Linux Consulting, Training and Annoying Kernel Pedantry Waterloo, Ontario, CANADA http://crashcourse.ca ========================================================================