Hi Aaron; [snip] > A second basic fact that needs to be undertood, which OP I think did > not, is that what comes out of the keyboard or any other input device is > just a stream of characters read from the appropriate buffer. > What a program like vi does with that stream may make it look like a > series of lines across the width of the window but that is an artifact > of what vi does with the character stream it receives. > Being a little defencive perhaps, the original OP understood the process from keyboard matrix ==> scan codes ==> key codes ==> key maps. I understand the difference between a stream in raw versus canonical mode. And, what I have forgotten, I have saved in about 25 pages of cut and paste notes re: keyboards. I have enough 'C' to understand functions like getc() and getchar() and where getchar() gets its char. My problem was on the other end. Although, one of the first things I learnt about Linux (actually all *nix) was that one of the very first things loaded at OS initialization was the shell, and that all processes were a child process of the shell. That was 'read and retain' kind of knowledge. It wasn't info that was "in my bones" as it should have been. The reason I didn't know the answer to the query I posed here was that this was the first question that I have asked that directly depended on *knowing* that the shell was running and looking for input as the answer. When Rick Stevens said "Now, when you're at a command prompt or other program requesting input (remember that the command prompt is the shell program asking for input), the RETURN (or ENTER) key signals the end of user input ...", it was a real head slapping eureka moment . He brought home the significance of something that I already knew but hadn't appreciated. The shell is waiting for the right input (end of line) so that it can exec the program named. I suppose there is some value in writing this response. I can serve as the classical bad example for people like me futzing around with their computers trying to figure out how they work. -- Regards Bill
