Yesterday in answer to the question as to how much swap is needed it was suggested to read the article at: http://www.redhat.com/magaszine/001nov04/features/vm/ Well this is an interesting article but it tells one nothing about swap fits into the virtual memory structure for the 2.4 kernel in this case. Unfortunately , it is sort of complicated and as other people have said how much swap you need depends a good deal on what you are doing. Swap is an concept whose name was incorrectly borrowed from the OLD 370 and 360 IBM systems and to understand how it fits in to the VM system of the Linux kernel you need to read books like, "Linux Kernel Development, Second Edition", by Robert Love. In many cases you can run a Linux system without swap. -- ======================================================================= You have a tendency to feel you are superior to most computers. ======================================================================= Aaron Konstam telephone: (210) 656-0355 e-mail: akonstam@xxxxxxxxxxxxx