Les Mikesell wrote: >And in contrast I can't think of much of anything reusable >I've learned about GUI procedures. It's like starting from >scratch with every new program and context. you may wish to look at your approach, then. when i first started java programming, i didn't tend to get much reusability out of my GUI components. much learning and reading later, i now get very good reusability, but it required getting my head reoriented a bit to accomplish it. i think this is generally true of development in IDE contexts; we tend to fall into traps and develop in a backwards manner that kills reusability and modularity. usually this happens because we start throwing GUI widgets at the IDE screen before we've put any effort into thinking about how the program really ought to be structured. richard