Make zonelist creation policy selectable from sysctl/boot option v5.
This patch makes NUMA's zonelist (of pgdat) order selectable.
Available order are Default(automatic)/ Node-based / Zone-based.
[Default Order]
The kernel selects Node-based or Zone-based order automatically.
[Node-based Order]
This policy treats the locality of memory as the most important parameter.
Zonelist order is created by each zone's locality. This means lower zones
(ex. ZONE_DMA) can be used before higher zone (ex. ZONE_NORMAL) exhausion.
IOW. ZONE_DMA will be in the middle of zonelist.
current 2.6.21 kernel uses this.
Pros.
* A user can expect local memory as much as possible.
Cons.
* lower zone will be exhansted before higher zone. This may cause OOM_KILL.
Maybe suitable if ZONE_DMA is relatively big and you never see OOM_KILL
because of ZONE_DMA exhaution and you need the best locality.
(example)
assume 2 node NUMA. node(0) has ZONE_DMA/ZONE_NORMAL, node(1) has ZONE_NORMAL.
*node(0)'s memory allocation order:
node(0)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s DMA -> node(1)'s NORMAL.
*node(1)'s memory allocation order:
node(1)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s DMA.
[Zone-based order]
This policy treats the zone type as the most important parameter.
Zonelist order is created by zone-type order. This means lower zone
never be used bofere higher zone exhaustion.
IOW. ZONE_DMA will be always at the tail of zonelist.
Pros.
* OOM_KILL(bacause of lower zone) occurs only if the whole zones are exhausted.
Cons.
* memory locality may not be best.
(example)
assume 2 node NUMA. node(0) has ZONE_DMA/ZONE_NORMAL, node(1) has ZONE_NORMAL.
*node(0)'s memory allocation order:
node(0)'s NORMAL -> node(1)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s DMA.
*node(1)'s memory allocation order:
node(1)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s NORMAL -> node(0)'s DMA.
bootoption "numa_zonelist_order=" and proc/sysctl is supporetd.
command:
%echo N > /proc/sys/vm/numa_zonelist_order
Will rebuild zonelist in Node-based order.
command:
%echo Z > /proc/sys/vm/numa_zonelist_order
Will rebuild zonelist in Zone-based order.
Tested on ia64 2-Node NUMA. works well.
Thanks to Lee Schermerhorn, he gives me much help and codes.
Signed-Off-By: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <[email protected]>
---
include/linux/mmzone.h | 5 +
kernel/sysctl.c | 9 ++
mm/page_alloc.c | 217 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-----
3 files changed, 209 insertions(+), 22 deletions(-)
Index: linux-2.6.21-mm1/kernel/sysctl.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.21-mm1.orig/kernel/sysctl.c
+++ linux-2.6.21-mm1/kernel/sysctl.c
@@ -891,6 +891,15 @@ static ctl_table vm_table[] = {
.proc_handler = &proc_dointvec_jiffies,
.strategy = &sysctl_jiffies,
},
+ {
+ .ctl_name = CTL_UNNUMBERED,
+ .procname = "numa_zonelist_order",
+ .data = &numa_zonelist_order,
+ .maxlen = NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN,
+ .mode = 0644,
+ .proc_handler = &numa_zonelist_order_handler,
+ .strategy = &sysctl_string,
+ },
#endif
#if defined(CONFIG_X86_32) || \
(defined(CONFIG_SUPERH) && defined(CONFIG_VSYSCALL))
Index: linux-2.6.21-mm1/mm/page_alloc.c
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.21-mm1.orig/mm/page_alloc.c
+++ linux-2.6.21-mm1/mm/page_alloc.c
@@ -2023,7 +2023,8 @@ void show_free_areas(void)
* Add all populated zones of a node to the zonelist.
*/
static int __meminit build_zonelists_node(pg_data_t *pgdat,
- struct zonelist *zonelist, int nr_zones, enum zone_type zone_type)
+ struct zonelist *zonelist, int nr_zones,
+ enum zone_type zone_type)
{
struct zone *zone;
@@ -2042,9 +2043,97 @@ static int __meminit build_zonelists_nod
return nr_zones;
}
+
+/*
+ * zonelist_order:
+ * 0 = automatic detection of better ordering.
+ * 1 = order by ([node] distance, -zonetype)
+ * 2 = order by (-zonetype, [node] distance)
+ *
+ * If not NUMA, ZONELIST_ORDER_ZONE and ZONELIST_ORDER_NODE will create
+ * the same zonelist. So only NUMA can configure this param.
+ */
+#define ZONELIST_ORDER_DEFAULT 0
+#define ZONELIST_ORDER_NODE 1
+#define ZONELIST_ORDER_ZONE 2
+
+static int zonelist_order = ZONELIST_ORDER_DEFAULT;
+static char zonelist_order_name[3][8] = {"Default", "Node", "Zone"};
+
+
#ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
+/* string for sysctl */
+#define NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN 16
+char numa_zonelist_order[16] = "default";
+
+/*
+ * interface for configure zonelist ordering.
+ * command line option "numa_zonelist_order"
+ * = "[dD]efault - default, automatic configuration.
+ * = "[nN]ode - order by node locality, then by zone within node
+ * = "[zZ]one - order by zone, then by locality within zone
+ */
+
+static int __parse_numa_zonelist_order(char *s)
+{
+ if (*s == 'd' || *s == 'D') {
+ zonelist_order = ZONELIST_ORDER_DEFAULT;
+ } else if (*s == 'n' || *s == 'N') {
+ zonelist_order = ZONELIST_ORDER_NODE;
+ } else if (*s == 'z' || *s == 'Z') {
+ zonelist_order = ZONELIST_ORDER_ZONE;
+ } else {
+ printk(KERN_WARNING
+ "Ignoring invalid numa_zonelist_order value: "
+ "%s\n", s);
+ return -EINVAL;
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static __init int setup_numa_zonelist_order(char *s)
+{
+ if (s)
+ return __parse_numa_zonelist_order(s);
+ return 0;
+}
+early_param("numa_zonelist_order", setup_numa_zonelist_order);
+
+/*
+ * sysctl handler for numa_zonelist_order
+ */
+int numa_zonelist_order_handler(ctl_table *table, int write,
+ struct file *file, void __user *buffer, size_t *length,
+ loff_t *ppos)
+{
+ char saved_string[NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN];
+ int ret;
+
+ if (write)
+ strncpy(saved_string, (char*)table->data,
+ NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN);
+ ret = proc_dostring(table, write, file, buffer, length, ppos);
+ if (ret)
+ return ret;
+ if (write) {
+ int oldval = zonelist_order;
+ if (__parse_numa_zonelist_order((char*)table->data)) {
+ /*
+ * bogus value. restore saved string
+ */
+ strncpy((char*)table->data, saved_string,
+ NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN);
+ zonelist_order = oldval;
+ } else if (oldval != zonelist_order)
+ build_all_zonelists();
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+
#define MAX_NODE_LOAD (num_online_nodes())
-static int __meminitdata node_load[MAX_NUMNODES];
+static int node_load[MAX_NUMNODES];
+
/**
* find_next_best_node - find the next node that should appear in a given node's fallback list
* @node: node whose fallback list we're appending
@@ -2059,7 +2148,7 @@ static int __meminitdata node_load[MAX_N
* on them otherwise.
* It returns -1 if no node is found.
*/
-static int __meminit find_next_best_node(int node, nodemask_t *used_node_mask)
+static int find_next_best_node(int node, nodemask_t *used_node_mask)
{
int n, val;
int min_val = INT_MAX;
@@ -2105,13 +2194,73 @@ static int __meminit find_next_best_node
return best_node;
}
-static void __meminit build_zonelists(pg_data_t *pgdat)
+
+/*
+ * Build zonelists ordered by node and zones within node.
+ * This results in maximum locality--normal zone overflows into local
+ * DMA zone, if any--but risks exhausting DMA zone.
+ */
+static void build_zonelists_in_node_order(pg_data_t *pgdat, int node)
{
- int j, node, local_node;
enum zone_type i;
- int prev_node, load;
+ int j;
struct zonelist *zonelist;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) {
+ zonelist = pgdat->node_zonelists + i;
+ for (j = 0; zonelist->zones[j] != NULL; j++);
+
+ j = build_zonelists_node(NODE_DATA(node), zonelist, j, i);
+ zonelist->zones[j] = NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Build zonelists ordered by zone and nodes within zones.
+ * This results in conserving DMA zone[s] until all Normal memory is
+ * exhausted, but results in overflowing to remote node while memory
+ * may still exist in local DMA zone.
+ */
+static int node_order[MAX_NUMNODES];
+
+static void build_zonelists_in_zone_order(pg_data_t *pgdat, int nr_nodes)
+{
+ enum zone_type i;
+ int pos, j, node;
+ int zone_type; /* needs to be signed */
+ struct zone *z;
+ struct zonelist *zonelist;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) {
+ zonelist = pgdat->node_zonelists + i;
+ pos = 0;
+ for (zone_type = i; zone_type >= 0; zone_type--) {
+ for (j = 0; j < nr_nodes; j++) {
+ node = node_order[j];
+ z = &NODE_DATA(node)->node_zones[zone_type];
+ if (populated_zone(z))
+ zonelist->zones[pos++] = z;
+ }
+ }
+ zonelist->zones[pos] = NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+static int default_zonelist_order(void)
+{
+ /* dummy, just select node order. */
+ return ZONELIST_ORDER_NODE;
+}
+
+
+
+static void build_zonelists(pg_data_t *pgdat, int ordering)
+{
+ int j, node, load;
+ enum zone_type i;
nodemask_t used_mask;
+ int local_node, prev_node;
+ struct zonelist *zonelist;
/* initialize zonelists */
for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) {
@@ -2124,6 +2273,10 @@ static void __meminit build_zonelists(pg
load = num_online_nodes();
prev_node = local_node;
nodes_clear(used_mask);
+
+ memset(node_order, 0, sizeof(node_order));
+ j = 0;
+
while ((node = find_next_best_node(local_node, &used_mask)) >= 0) {
int distance = node_distance(local_node, node);
@@ -2139,18 +2292,20 @@ static void __meminit build_zonelists(pg
* So adding penalty to the first node in same
* distance group to make it round-robin.
*/
-
if (distance != node_distance(local_node, prev_node))
- node_load[node] += load;
+ node_load[node] = load;
+
prev_node = node;
load--;
- for (i = 0; i < MAX_NR_ZONES; i++) {
- zonelist = pgdat->node_zonelists + i;
- for (j = 0; zonelist->zones[j] != NULL; j++);
+ if (ordering == ZONELIST_ORDER_NODE)
+ build_zonelists_in_node_order(pgdat, node);
+ else
+ node_order[j++] = node; /* remember order */
+ }
- j = build_zonelists_node(NODE_DATA(node), zonelist, j, i);
- zonelist->zones[j] = NULL;
- }
+ if (ordering == ZONELIST_ORDER_ZONE) {
+ /* calculate node order -- i.e., DMA last! */
+ build_zonelists_in_zone_order(pgdat, j);
}
}
@@ -2172,9 +2327,18 @@ static void __meminit build_zonelist_cac
}
}
+
#else /* CONFIG_NUMA */
-static void __meminit build_zonelists(pg_data_t *pgdat)
+static int default_zonelist_order(void)
+{
+ return ZONELIST_ORDER_ZONE;
+}
+
+/*
+ * order is ignored.
+ */
+static void __meminit build_zonelists(pg_data_t *pgdat, int order)
{
int node, local_node;
enum zone_type i,j;
@@ -2221,26 +2385,33 @@ static void __meminit build_zonelist_cac
#endif /* CONFIG_NUMA */
/* return values int ....just for stop_machine_run() */
-static int __meminit __build_all_zonelists(void *dummy)
+static int __build_all_zonelists(void *dummy)
{
int nid;
-
+ int order = *(int *)dummy;
for_each_online_node(nid) {
- build_zonelists(NODE_DATA(nid));
+ build_zonelists(NODE_DATA(nid), order);
build_zonelist_cache(NODE_DATA(nid));
}
return 0;
}
-void __meminit build_all_zonelists(void)
+void build_all_zonelists(void)
{
+ int order;
+ if (zonelist_order == ZONELIST_ORDER_DEFAULT)
+ order = default_zonelist_order();
+ else
+ order = zonelist_order;
+
if (system_state == SYSTEM_BOOTING) {
- __build_all_zonelists(NULL);
+ __build_all_zonelists(&order);
cpuset_init_current_mems_allowed();
} else {
+ memset(node_load, 0, sizeof(node_load));
/* we have to stop all cpus to guaranntee there is no user
of zonelist */
- stop_machine_run(__build_all_zonelists, NULL, NR_CPUS);
+ stop_machine_run(__build_all_zonelists, &order, NR_CPUS);
/* cpuset refresh routine should be here */
}
vm_total_pages = nr_free_pagecache_pages();
@@ -2257,8 +2428,10 @@ void __meminit build_all_zonelists(void)
else
page_group_by_mobility_disabled = 0;
- printk("Built %i zonelists, mobility grouping %s. Total pages: %ld\n",
+ printk("Built %i zonelists in %s order, mobility grouping %s."
+ "Total pages: %ld\n",
num_online_nodes(),
+ zonelist_order_name[order],
page_group_by_mobility_disabled ? "off" : "on",
vm_total_pages);
}
Index: linux-2.6.21-mm1/include/linux/mmzone.h
===================================================================
--- linux-2.6.21-mm1.orig/include/linux/mmzone.h
+++ linux-2.6.21-mm1/include/linux/mmzone.h
@@ -610,6 +610,11 @@ int sysctl_min_unmapped_ratio_sysctl_han
int sysctl_min_slab_ratio_sysctl_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
struct file *, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
+extern int numa_zonelist_order_handler(struct ctl_table *, int,
+ struct file *, void __user *, size_t *, loff_t *);
+extern char numa_zonelist_order[];
+#define NUMA_ZONELIST_ORDER_LEN 16 /* string buffer size */
+
#include <linux/topology.h>
/* Returns the number of the current Node. */
#ifndef numa_node_id
-
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