Idea about a disc backed ram filesystem

[Sascha Nitsch <Sash_lkl@linuxhowtos.org>]

Hi,

this is (as of this writing) just an idea.

=== current state ===
Currently we have ram filesystems (like tmpfs) and disc based file systems
(ext2/3, xfs, <insert your fav. fs>).

tmpfs is extremely fast but suffers from data losses from restarts, crashes
and power outages. Disc access is slow against a ram based fs.

=== the idea ===
My idea is to mix them to the following hybrid:
- mount the new fs over an existing dir as an overlay
- all files overlayed are still accessible
- after the first read, the file stays in memory (like a file cache)
- all writes are flushed out to the underlying fs (maybe done async)
- all reads are always done from the memory cache unless they are not cached
  yet
- the cache stays until the partition is unmounted
- the maximum size of the overlayed filesystem could be physical ram/2 (like tmpfs)

=== advantages ===
once the files are read, no more "slow" disc reading is needed=> huge read
speed improvements (like on tmpfs)
if the writing is done asyncronous, write speeds would be as fast as a
tmpfs => huge write speedup
if done syncronous, write speed almost as fast as native disc fs
the ram fs would be imune against data loss from reboots or controled shutdown
if syncronous write is done, the fs would be imune to crashes/power
outages (with the usual exceptions like on disc fs)

=== disadvantage ===
possible higher memory usage (see implementation ideas below)

=== usages ===
possible usage scenarios could be any storage where a
smaller set of files get read/written a lot, like databases
definition of smaller: lets say up to 50% of physical ram size.
Depending on architecture and money spent, this can be a lot :)

=== implementation ideas ===
One note first:
I don't know the fs internals of the kernel (yet), so these ideas might not
work, but you should get the idea.

One idea is to build a complete virtual filesystem that connects to the VFS
layer and hands the writes through to the "original" fs driver.
The caching would be done in that layer. This might cause double caching
(in the io cache) and might waste memory.
But this idea would enable the possibility of async writes (when the disc has
less to do) and gives write speed improves.

The other idea would be to modify the existing filesystem cache algorithm to
have a flag "always keep this file in memory".

The second one may be easier to do and may cause less side effects, but
might not enable async writes.

Since this overlay is done in the kernel, no other process could change the
files under the overlay.
Remote FS must be excluded from the cache layer (for obvious reasons).

Any kind of feedback is welcome.

If this has been discussed earlier, sorry for double posting. I haven't found
anything like this in the archives. Just point me in the right direction.

Regards,

Sascha Nitsch
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