On Thu, May 18, 2006 at 10:17:08PM +0200, Andi Kleen wrote:
> > With PTRACE_MULTI option you can send multiple ptrace requests with a
> > single system call: commonly a process that uses ptrace() needs
> > several PTRACE_PEEKDATA for getting some useful, even small pieces of data.
> > It is useful for these programs to run several ptrace
> > operations while limiting the number of context switches.
>
> What context switches do you mean? System calls? Linux is in general
> designed to have very cheap system calls and they shouldn't be more tha
> a few hundred cycles.
Agree, but they are a few hundred cycles wasted.
This can be highly significative when you are working on a Virtual Machine
monitor.
In umview the monitor (umview process) and the process inside the VM
live in separate address spaces.
e.g. To virtualize a write you'd have to call PTRACE_PEEKDATA for each
word of the buffer, very many hundreds cycles lost.
> >
> > Debuggers and virtual machines (like User Mode Linux) and many other
> > applications that are based on ptrace can get great
> > performance improvements by PTRACE_MULTI: the number of system
> > calls (and context switches) decreases significantly.
>
> You forgot to add numbers?
They are obviously highly dependant on applications.
(test computer=tibook G4 1Ghz)
Umview+unreal test module/NO PTRACE_MULTI/NO PTRACE_SYSVM
$ time cp /unreal/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m22.626s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.448s
Umview+unreal test module/NO_SYSVM WITH PTRACE_MULTI
$ time cp /unreal/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m1.850s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.384s
Umview+unreal test module/SYSVM+MULTI
$ time cp /unreal/usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m1.261s
user 0m0.012s
sys 0m0.392s
This is a test on the cost of umview virtualization with no modules.
Umview alone/NO SYSVM/NO PTRACE_MULTI
$ time cp /usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m1.595s
user 0m0.000s
sys 0m0.548s
Umview alone/NO SYSVM (with ptrace_multi)
$ time cp /usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m1.587s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.596s
Umview alone/With SYSVM (and ptrace_multi)
$ time cp /usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m1.056s
user 0m0.008s
sys 0m0.496s
The same command on the Linux kernel (NO umview)
$ time cp /usr/src/linux-source-2.6.16.tar.bz2 /tmp
real 0m0.429s
user 0m0.004s
sys 0m0.368s
This is a worst case run of umview as cp is absolutely IO bound (and
system call bound). The more computation a program has the more
efficient is the VM. The user mode VM costs in this case 2.5 times slowdown.
renzo
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