(Please CC me on replies, I'm not subscribed to LKML or the SPI list. Thanks.)
The SD/MMC SPI-based protocol isn't really duplex. In the
normal case there's either information transmitted or received,
not both simultaneously. The unused data is always 0xff; ones.
Unfortunately, the SPI framework leaves outgoing data for a
left-out tx_buf just as "undefined" with no other way to send
constant data than to actually pass a buffer full of ones. I
imagine other SPI-based protocols being in the same situation so
here's a feature implementation: a controller can say it
supports a default value for the bit being shifted out whenever
there's no tx_buf. I measured it to improve read performance by
3% for SD/MMC SPI (timing "dd" of the MMC block device) for a
DMA-based controller. As with the cs_interactive patch, the
functionality is optional for a driver/controller, but I include
an update for the spi_bitbang framework, for clients that don't
implement their own bitbang->txrx_bufs function. I don't expect
it to save much performance for bitbanged transfers (though the
lessened memory and cache footprint might be nice); it's mostly
to provide an example implementation. (To make sure, I did
measure it for spi_crisv32_gpio and found no measurable
difference; less than .5% difference with same difference
between equal samples).
Tested together with the other patches on the spi_crisv32_sser
and spi_crisv32_gpio drivers (not yet in the kernel, will IIUC
be submitted as part of the usual arch-maintainer-pushes).
This patch is intended to be applied on top of the cs_inactive
patch (the previous one, 2/5).
Signed-off-by: Hans-Peter Nilsson <[email protected]>
diff -upr a/include/linux/spi/spi.h b/include/linux/spi/spi.h
--- a/include/linux/spi/spi.h 2007-01-24 07:10:09.000000000 +0100
+++ b/include/linux/spi/spi.h 2007-01-24 03:58:32.000000000 +0100
@@ -153,6 +153,9 @@ static inline void spi_unregister_driver
* SPI slaves, and are numbered from zero to num_chipselects.
* each slave has a chipselect signal, but it's common that not
* every chipselect is connected to a slave.
+ * @can_tx_default: the controller can specify the "default" bit value:
+ * if this bit is set and there's no tx data in a message,
+ * spi_transfer.tx_default then controls the data shifted out.
* @can_cs_inactive: the controller can send data (or at least toggle the
* clock with undefined data output) while having chipselect inactive.
* @setup: updates the device mode and clocking records used by a
@@ -187,6 +190,11 @@ struct spi_master {
*/
u16 num_chipselect;
+ /* clients can check this to see if they can avoid passing
+ * transfers where the tx buffer is just zero or is just ones.
+ */
+ unsigned can_tx_default:1;
+
/* clients that want to toggle the clock while chipselect is
* inactive (has different polarity compared to when data is
* output) must test this bit.
@@ -296,6 +304,9 @@ extern struct spi_master *spi_busnum_to_
* important information, and it's ok to pass NULL for both tx_buf
* and rx_buf. It is an error to set this bit if spi_device
* .can_cs_inactive == 0.
+ * @tx_default: tx data value (0 or 1) in absence of tx_buf, *iff* the
+ * master controller supports it (see spi_master.can_tx_default),
+ * otherwise the tx data is undefined and this bit is unused.
* @delay_usecs: microseconds to delay after this transfer before
* (optionally) changing the chipselect status, then starting
* the next transfer or completing this spi_message.
@@ -308,7 +319,9 @@ extern struct spi_master *spi_busnum_to_
* underlying driver uses dma.
*
* If the transmit buffer is null, undefined data will be shifted out
- * while filling rx_buf. If the receive buffer is null, the data
+ * while filling rx_buf, unless the master controller has indicated
+ * can_tx_default = 1, in which case the data shifted out is specified by
+ * spi_message.tx_default. If the receive buffer is null, the data
* shifted in will be discarded. Only "len" bytes shift out (or in).
* It's an error to try to shift out a partial word. (For example, by
* shifting out three bytes with word size of sixteen or twenty bits;
@@ -351,6 +364,7 @@ struct spi_transfer {
unsigned cs_change:1;
unsigned cs_inactive:1;
+ unsigned tx_default:1;
u8 bits_per_word;
u16 delay_usecs;
u32 speed_hz;
diff -upr a/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c b/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c
--- a/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c 2007-01-24 07:14:12.000000000 +0100
+++ b/drivers/spi/spi_bitbang.c 2007-01-24 06:15:56.000000000 +0100
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ static unsigned bitbang_txrx_8(
if (tx)
word = *tx++;
+ else if (t->tx_default)
+ word = 0xff;
word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
if (rx)
*rx++ = word;
@@ -103,6 +105,8 @@ static unsigned bitbang_txrx_16(
if (tx)
word = *tx++;
+ else if (t->tx_default)
+ word = 0xffff;
word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
if (rx)
*rx++ = word;
@@ -129,6 +133,8 @@ static unsigned bitbang_txrx_32(
if (tx)
word = *tx++;
+ else if (t->tx_default)
+ word = 0xffffffffu;
word = txrx_word(spi, ns, word, bits);
if (rx)
*rx++ = word;
@@ -305,6 +311,7 @@ static void bitbang_work(void *_bitbang)
list_for_each_entry (t, &m->transfers, transfer_list) {
cs_inactive = t->cs_inactive;
BUG_ON(cs_inactive && !spi->master->can_cs_inactive);
+ BUG_ON(t->tx_default && !spi->master->can_tx_default);
if (bitbang->shutdown) {
status = -ESHUTDOWN;
@@ -481,6 +488,17 @@ int spi_bitbang_start(struct spi_bitbang
if (!bitbang->txrx_bufs) {
bitbang->use_dma = 0;
bitbang->txrx_bufs = spi_bitbang_bufs;
+
+ /*
+ * Because we use spi_bitbang_bufs, spi_bitbang_setup
+ * must been called (at least from the function
+ * overriding it) to set cs->txrx_bufs, so the
+ * function looping over the transfer bytes must be
+ * one of bitbang_txrx_(8|16|32) where we implement
+ * tx_default.
+ */
+ bitbang->master->can_tx_default = 1;
+
if (!bitbang->master->setup) {
if (!bitbang->setup_transfer)
bitbang->setup_transfer =
brgds, H-P
-
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