Re: [mm PATCH 1/6] RCU: split classic rcu

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On Tue, Jan 16, 2007 at 12:51:32AM +0530, Dipankar Sarma wrote:
> 
> 
> 
> This patch re-organizes the RCU code to enable multiple implementations
> of RCU. Users of RCU continues to include rcupdate.h and the
> RCU interfaces remain the same. This is in preparation for
> subsequently merging the preepmtpible RCU implementation.

Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <[email protected]>

> Signed-off-by: Dipankar Sarma <[email protected]>
> ---
> 
> 
> 
> 
> 
> diff -puN /dev/null include/linux/rcuclassic.h
> --- /dev/null	2006-03-26 18:34:52.000000000 +0530
> +++ linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu-dipankar/include/linux/rcuclassic.h	2007-01-15 15:35:05.000000000 +0530
> @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
> +/*
> + * Read-Copy Update mechanism for mutual exclusion (classic version)
> + *
> + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
> + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> + * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> + * (at your option) any later version.
> + *
> + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
> + * GNU General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> + * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
> + * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
> + *
> + * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
> + *
> + * Author: Dipankar Sarma <[email protected]>
> + *
> + * Based on the original work by Paul McKenney <[email protected]>
> + * and inputs from Rusty Russell, Andrea Arcangeli and Andi Kleen.
> + * Papers:
> + * http://www.rdrop.com/users/paulmck/paper/rclockpdcsproof.pdf
> + * http://lse.sourceforge.net/locking/rclock_OLS.2001.05.01c.sc.pdf (OLS2001)
> + *
> + * For detailed explanation of Read-Copy Update mechanism see -
> + * 		http://lse.sourceforge.net/locking/rcupdate.html
> + *
> + */
> +
> +#ifndef __LINUX_RCUCLASSIC_H
> +#define __LINUX_RCUCLASSIC_H
> +
> +#ifdef __KERNEL__
> +
> +#include <linux/cache.h>
> +#include <linux/spinlock.h>
> +#include <linux/threads.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> +#include <linux/cpumask.h>
> +#include <linux/seqlock.h>
> +
> +
> +/* Global control variables for rcupdate callback mechanism. */
> +struct rcu_ctrlblk {
> +	long	cur;		/* Current batch number.                      */
> +	long	completed;	/* Number of the last completed batch         */
> +	int	next_pending;	/* Is the next batch already waiting?         */
> +
> +	int	signaled;
> +
> +	spinlock_t	lock	____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
> +	cpumask_t	cpumask; /* CPUs that need to switch in order    */
> +	                         /* for current batch to proceed.        */
> +} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
> +
> +/* Is batch a before batch b ? */
> +static inline int rcu_batch_before(long a, long b)
> +{
> +        return (a - b) < 0;
> +}
> +
> +/* Is batch a after batch b ? */
> +static inline int rcu_batch_after(long a, long b)
> +{
> +        return (a - b) > 0;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Per-CPU data for Read-Copy UPdate.
> + * nxtlist - new callbacks are added here
> + * curlist - current batch for which quiescent cycle started if any
> + */
> +struct rcu_data {
> +	/* 1) quiescent state handling : */
> +	long		quiescbatch;     /* Batch # for grace period */
> +	int		passed_quiesc;	 /* User-mode/idle loop etc. */
> +	int		qs_pending;	 /* core waits for quiesc state */
> +
> +	/* 2) batch handling */
> +	long  	       	batch;           /* Batch # for current RCU batch */
> +	struct rcu_head *nxtlist;
> +	struct rcu_head **nxttail;
> +	long            qlen; 	 	 /* # of queued callbacks */
> +	struct rcu_head *curlist;
> +	struct rcu_head **curtail;
> +	struct rcu_head *donelist;
> +	struct rcu_head **donetail;
> +	long		blimit;		 /* Upper limit on a processed batch */
> +	int cpu;
> +};
> +
> +DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_data);
> +DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data);
> +
> +/*
> + * Increment the quiescent state counter.
> + * The counter is a bit degenerated: We do not need to know
> + * how many quiescent states passed, just if there was at least
> + * one since the start of the grace period. Thus just a flag.
> + */
> +static inline void rcu_qsctr_inc(int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> +	rdp->passed_quiesc = 1;
> +}
> +static inline void rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> +	rdp->passed_quiesc = 1;
> +}
> +
> +extern int rcu_pending(int cpu);
> +extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
> +
> +#define __rcu_read_lock() \
> +	do { \
> +		preempt_disable(); \
> +		__acquire(RCU); \
> +	} while(0)
> +#define __rcu_read_unlock() \
> +	do { \
> +		__release(RCU); \
> +		preempt_enable(); \
> +	} while(0)
> +
> +#define __rcu_read_lock_bh() \
> +	do { \
> +		local_bh_disable(); \
> +		__acquire(RCU_BH); \
> +	} while(0)
> +#define __rcu_read_unlock_bh() \
> +	do { \
> +		__release(RCU_BH); \
> +		local_bh_enable(); \
> +	} while(0)
> +
> +#define __synchronize_sched()	synchronize_rcu()
> +
> +extern void __rcu_init(void);
> +extern void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user);
> +extern void rcu_restart_cpu(int cpu);
> +extern long rcu_batches_completed(void);
> +
> +#endif /* __KERNEL__ */
> +#endif /* __LINUX_RCUCLASSIC_H */
> diff -puN include/linux/rcupdate.h~rcu-split-classic include/linux/rcupdate.h
> --- linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu/include/linux/rcupdate.h~rcu-split-classic	2007-01-14 23:04:09.000000000 +0530
> +++ linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu-dipankar/include/linux/rcupdate.h	2007-01-15 15:36:34.000000000 +0530
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
>   * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
>   * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
>   *
> - * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2001
> + * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
>   *
>   * Author: Dipankar Sarma <[email protected]>
>   *
> @@ -41,6 +41,7 @@
>  #include <linux/percpu.h>
>  #include <linux/cpumask.h>
>  #include <linux/seqlock.h>
> +#include <linux/rcuclassic.h>
> 
>  /**
>   * struct rcu_head - callback structure for use with RCU
> @@ -58,81 +59,6 @@ struct rcu_head {
>         (ptr)->next = NULL; (ptr)->func = NULL; \
>  } while (0)
> 
> -
> -
> -/* Global control variables for rcupdate callback mechanism. */
> -struct rcu_ctrlblk {
> -	long	cur;		/* Current batch number.                      */
> -	long	completed;	/* Number of the last completed batch         */
> -	int	next_pending;	/* Is the next batch already waiting?         */
> -
> -	int	signaled;
> -
> -	spinlock_t	lock	____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
> -	cpumask_t	cpumask; /* CPUs that need to switch in order    */
> -	                         /* for current batch to proceed.        */
> -} ____cacheline_internodealigned_in_smp;
> -
> -/* Is batch a before batch b ? */
> -static inline int rcu_batch_before(long a, long b)
> -{
> -        return (a - b) < 0;
> -}
> -
> -/* Is batch a after batch b ? */
> -static inline int rcu_batch_after(long a, long b)
> -{
> -        return (a - b) > 0;
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Per-CPU data for Read-Copy UPdate.
> - * nxtlist - new callbacks are added here
> - * curlist - current batch for which quiescent cycle started if any
> - */
> -struct rcu_data {
> -	/* 1) quiescent state handling : */
> -	long		quiescbatch;     /* Batch # for grace period */
> -	int		passed_quiesc;	 /* User-mode/idle loop etc. */
> -	int		qs_pending;	 /* core waits for quiesc state */
> -
> -	/* 2) batch handling */
> -	long  	       	batch;           /* Batch # for current RCU batch */
> -	struct rcu_head *nxtlist;
> -	struct rcu_head **nxttail;
> -	long            qlen; 	 	 /* # of queued callbacks */
> -	struct rcu_head *curlist;
> -	struct rcu_head **curtail;
> -	struct rcu_head *donelist;
> -	struct rcu_head **donetail;
> -	long		blimit;		 /* Upper limit on a processed batch */
> -	int cpu;
> -	struct rcu_head barrier;
> -};
> -
> -DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_data);
> -DECLARE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data);
> -
> -/*
> - * Increment the quiescent state counter.
> - * The counter is a bit degenerated: We do not need to know
> - * how many quiescent states passed, just if there was at least
> - * one since the start of the grace period. Thus just a flag.
> - */
> -static inline void rcu_qsctr_inc(int cpu)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> -	rdp->passed_quiesc = 1;
> -}
> -static inline void rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(int cpu)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> -	rdp->passed_quiesc = 1;
> -}
> -
> -extern int rcu_pending(int cpu);
> -extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
> -
>  /**
>   * rcu_read_lock - mark the beginning of an RCU read-side critical section.
>   *
> @@ -162,22 +88,14 @@ extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
>   *
>   * It is illegal to block while in an RCU read-side critical section.
>   */
> -#define rcu_read_lock() \
> -	do { \
> -		preempt_disable(); \
> -		__acquire(RCU); \
> -	} while(0)
> +#define rcu_read_lock() __rcu_read_lock()
> 
>  /**
>   * rcu_read_unlock - marks the end of an RCU read-side critical section.
>   *
>   * See rcu_read_lock() for more information.
>   */
> -#define rcu_read_unlock() \
> -	do { \
> -		__release(RCU); \
> -		preempt_enable(); \
> -	} while(0)
> +#define rcu_read_unlock() __rcu_read_unlock()
> 
>  /*
>   * So where is rcu_write_lock()?  It does not exist, as there is no
> @@ -200,23 +118,15 @@ extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
>   * can use just rcu_read_lock().
>   *
>   */
> -#define rcu_read_lock_bh() \
> -	do { \
> -		local_bh_disable(); \
> -		__acquire(RCU_BH); \
> -	} while(0)
> -
> -/*
> +#define rcu_read_lock_bh()	__rcu_read_lock_bh()
> +
> +/**
>   * rcu_read_unlock_bh - marks the end of a softirq-only RCU critical section
>   *
>   * See rcu_read_lock_bh() for more information.
>   */
> -#define rcu_read_unlock_bh() \
> -	do { \
> -		__release(RCU_BH); \
> -		local_bh_enable(); \
> -	} while(0)
> -
> +#define rcu_read_unlock_bh()	__rcu_read_unlock_bh()
> +
>  /**
>   * rcu_dereference - fetch an RCU-protected pointer in an
>   * RCU read-side critical section.  This pointer may later
> @@ -267,22 +177,49 @@ extern int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu);
>   * In "classic RCU", these two guarantees happen to be one and
>   * the same, but can differ in realtime RCU implementations.
>   */
> -#define synchronize_sched() synchronize_rcu()
> +#define synchronize_sched()	__synchronize_sched()
> +
> +/**
> + * call_rcu - Queue an RCU callback for invocation after a grace period.
> + * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> + * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
> + *
> + * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> + * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
> + * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
> + * and may be nested.
> + */
> +extern void FASTCALL(call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
> +  				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head)));
> 
> -extern void rcu_init(void);
> -extern void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user);
> -extern void rcu_restart_cpu(int cpu);
> -extern long rcu_batches_completed(void);
> -extern long rcu_batches_completed_bh(void);
> 
> -/* Exported interfaces */
> -extern void FASTCALL(call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
> -				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head)));
> +/**
> + * call_rcu_bh - Queue an RCU for invocation after a quicker grace period.
> + * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> + * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
> + *
> + * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> + * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * read-side critical sections have completed. call_rcu_bh() assumes
> + * that the read-side critical sections end on completion of a softirq
> + * handler. This means that read-side critical sections in process
> + * context must not be interrupted by softirqs. This interface is to be
> + * used when most of the read-side critical sections are in softirq context.
> + * RCU read-side critical sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and
> + * rcu_read_unlock(), * if in interrupt context or rcu_read_lock_bh()
> + * and rcu_read_unlock_bh(), if in process context. These may be nested.
> + */
>  extern void FASTCALL(call_rcu_bh(struct rcu_head *head,
>  				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *head)));
> +
> +/* Exported common interfaces */
>  extern void synchronize_rcu(void);
> -void synchronize_idle(void);
>  extern void rcu_barrier(void);
> +
> +/* Internal to kernel */
> +extern void rcu_init(void);
> +extern void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user);
> 
>  #endif /* __KERNEL__ */
>  #endif /* __LINUX_RCUPDATE_H */
> diff -puN kernel/Makefile~rcu-split-classic kernel/Makefile
> --- linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu/kernel/Makefile~rcu-split-classic	2007-01-14 23:04:09.000000000 +0530
> +++ linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu-dipankar/kernel/Makefile	2007-01-15 15:34:21.000000000 +0530
> @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ obj-y     = sched.o fork.o exec_domain.o
>  	    exit.o itimer.o time.o softirq.o resource.o \
>  	    sysctl.o capability.o ptrace.o timer.o user.o user_namespace.o \
>  	    signal.o sys.o kmod.o workqueue.o pid.o \
> -	    rcupdate.o extable.o params.o posix-timers.o \
> +	    rcupdate.o rcuclassic.o extable.o params.o posix-timers.o \
>  	    kthread.o wait.o kfifo.o sys_ni.o posix-cpu-timers.o mutex.o \
>  	    hrtimer.o rwsem.o latency.o nsproxy.o srcu.o
> 
> diff -puN /dev/null kernel/rcuclassic.c
> --- /dev/null	2006-03-26 18:34:52.000000000 +0530
> +++ linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu-dipankar/kernel/rcuclassic.c	2007-01-15 15:34:47.000000000 +0530
> @@ -0,0 +1,558 @@
> +/*
> + * Read-Copy Update mechanism for mutual exclusion, classic implementation
> + *
> + * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
> + * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
> + * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
> + * (at your option) any later version.
> + *
> + * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
> + * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
> + * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
> + * GNU General Public License for more details.
> + *
> + * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
> + * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
> + * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
> + *
> + * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
> + *
> + * Authors: Dipankar Sarma <[email protected]>
> + *	    Manfred Spraul <[email protected]>
> + *
> + * Based on the original work by Paul McKenney <[email protected]>
> + * and inputs from Rusty Russell, Andrea Arcangeli and Andi Kleen.
> + *
> + * Papers:  http://www.rdrop.com/users/paulmck/RCU
> + *
> + * For detailed explanation of Read-Copy Update mechanism see -
> + * 		Documentation/RCU/ *.txt
> + *
> + */
> +#include <linux/types.h>
> +#include <linux/kernel.h>
> +#include <linux/init.h>
> +#include <linux/spinlock.h>
> +#include <linux/smp.h>
> +#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
> +#include <linux/interrupt.h>
> +#include <linux/sched.h>
> +#include <asm/atomic.h>
> +#include <linux/bitops.h>
> +#include <linux/module.h>
> +#include <linux/completion.h>
> +#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
> +#include <linux/percpu.h>
> +#include <linux/notifier.h>
> +#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
> +#include <linux/cpu.h>
> +#include <linux/random.h>
> +#include <linux/delay.h>
> +#include <linux/byteorder/swabb.h>
> +
> +
> +/* Definition for rcupdate control block. */
> +static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_ctrlblk = {
> +	.cur = -300,
> +	.completed = -300,
> +	.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_ctrlblk.lock),
> +	.cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
> +};
> +static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_bh_ctrlblk = {
> +	.cur = -300,
> +	.completed = -300,
> +	.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk.lock),
> +	.cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
> +};
> +
> +DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_data) = { 0L };
> +DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data) = { 0L };
> +
> +/* Fake initialization required by compiler */
> +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_struct, rcu_tasklet) = {NULL};
> +static int blimit = 10;
> +static int qhimark = 10000;
> +static int qlowmark = 100;
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
> +static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp,
> +			struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> +{
> +	int cpu;
> +	cpumask_t cpumask;
> +	set_need_resched();
> +	if (unlikely(!rcp->signaled)) {
> +		rcp->signaled = 1;
> +		/*
> +		 * Don't send IPI to itself. With irqs disabled,
> +		 * rdp->cpu is the current cpu.
> +		 */
> +		cpumask = rcp->cpumask;
> +		cpu_clear(rdp->cpu, cpumask);
> +		for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpumask)
> +			smp_send_reschedule(cpu);
> +	}
> +}
> +#else
> +static inline void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp,
> +			struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> +{
> +	set_need_resched();
> +}
> +#endif
> +
> +/**
> + * call_rcu - Queue an RCU callback for invocation after a grace period.
> + * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> + * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
> + *
> + * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> + * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
> + * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
> + * and may be nested.
> + */
> +void fastcall call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
> +				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
> +{
> +	unsigned long flags;
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp;
> +
> +	head->func = func;
> +	head->next = NULL;
> +	local_irq_save(flags);
> +	rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> +	*rdp->nxttail = head;
> +	rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
> +	if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
> +		rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
> +		force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk);
> +	}
> +	local_irq_restore(flags);
> +}
> +
> +/**
> + * call_rcu_bh - Queue an RCU for invocation after a quicker grace period.
> + * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> + * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
> + *
> + * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> + * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * read-side critical sections have completed. call_rcu_bh() assumes
> + * that the read-side critical sections end on completion of a softirq
> + * handler. This means that read-side critical sections in process
> + * context must not be interrupted by softirqs. This interface is to be
> + * used when most of the read-side critical sections are in softirq context.
> + * RCU read-side critical sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and
> + * rcu_read_unlock(), * if in interrupt context or rcu_read_lock_bh()
> + * and rcu_read_unlock_bh(), if in process context. These may be nested.
> + */
> +void fastcall call_rcu_bh(struct rcu_head *head,
> +				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
> +{
> +	unsigned long flags;
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp;
> +
> +	head->func = func;
> +	head->next = NULL;
> +	local_irq_save(flags);
> +	rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> +	*rdp->nxttail = head;
> +	rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
> +
> +	if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
> +		rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
> +		force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk);
> +	}
> +
> +	local_irq_restore(flags);
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far.  Useful
> + * for debug and statistics.
> + */
> +long rcu_batches_completed(void)
> +{
> +	return rcu_ctrlblk.completed;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far.  Useful
> + * for debug and statistics.
> + */
> +long rcu_batches_completed_bh(void)
> +{
> +	return rcu_bh_ctrlblk.completed;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Invoke the completed RCU callbacks. They are expected to be in
> + * a per-cpu list.
> + */
> +static void rcu_do_batch(struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_head *next, *list;
> +	int count = 0;
> +
> +	list = rdp->donelist;
> +	while (list) {
> +		next = list->next;
> +		prefetch(next);
> +		list->func(list);
> +		list = next;
> +		if (++count >= rdp->blimit)
> +			break;
> +	}
> +	rdp->donelist = list;
> +
> +	local_irq_disable();
> +	rdp->qlen -= count;
> +	local_irq_enable();
> +	if (rdp->blimit == INT_MAX && rdp->qlen <= qlowmark)
> +		rdp->blimit = blimit;
> +
> +	if (!rdp->donelist)
> +		rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
> +	else
> +		tasklet_schedule(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, rdp->cpu));
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Grace period handling:
> + * The grace period handling consists out of two steps:
> + * - A new grace period is started.
> + *   This is done by rcu_start_batch. The start is not broadcasted to
> + *   all cpus, they must pick this up by comparing rcp->cur with
> + *   rdp->quiescbatch. All cpus are recorded  in the
> + *   rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask bitmap.
> + * - All cpus must go through a quiescent state.
> + *   Since the start of the grace period is not broadcasted, at least two
> + *   calls to rcu_check_quiescent_state are required:
> + *   The first call just notices that a new grace period is running. The
> + *   following calls check if there was a quiescent state since the beginning
> + *   of the grace period. If so, it updates rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask. If
> + *   the bitmap is empty, then the grace period is completed.
> + *   rcu_check_quiescent_state calls rcu_start_batch(0) to start the next grace
> + *   period (if necessary).
> + */
> +/*
> + * Register a new batch of callbacks, and start it up if there is currently no
> + * active batch and the batch to be registered has not already occurred.
> + * Caller must hold rcu_ctrlblk.lock.
> + */
> +static void rcu_start_batch(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> +{
> +	if (rcp->next_pending &&
> +			rcp->completed == rcp->cur) {
> +		rcp->next_pending = 0;
> +		/*
> +		 * next_pending == 0 must be visible in
> +		 * __rcu_process_callbacks() before it can see new value of cur.
> +		 */
> +		smp_wmb();
> +		rcp->cur++;
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Accessing nohz_cpu_mask before incrementing rcp->cur needs a
> +		 * Barrier  Otherwise it can cause tickless idle CPUs to be
> +		 * included in rcp->cpumask, which will extend graceperiods
> +		 * unnecessarily.
> +		 */
> +		smp_mb();
> +		cpus_andnot(rcp->cpumask, cpu_online_map, nohz_cpu_mask);
> +
> +		rcp->signaled = 0;
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * cpu went through a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace period.
> + * Clear it from the cpu mask and complete the grace period if it was the last
> + * cpu. Start another grace period if someone has further entries pending
> + */
> +static void cpu_quiet(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> +{
> +	cpu_clear(cpu, rcp->cpumask);
> +	if (cpus_empty(rcp->cpumask)) {
> +		/* batch completed ! */
> +		rcp->completed = rcp->cur;
> +		rcu_start_batch(rcp);
> +	}
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Check if the cpu has gone through a quiescent state (say context
> + * switch). If so and if it already hasn't done so in this RCU
> + * quiescent cycle, then indicate that it has done so.
> + */
> +static void rcu_check_quiescent_state(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> +					struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur) {
> +		/* start new grace period: */
> +		rdp->qs_pending = 1;
> +		rdp->passed_quiesc = 0;
> +		rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->cur;
> +		return;
> +	}
> +
> +	/* Grace period already completed for this cpu?
> +	 * qs_pending is checked instead of the actual bitmap to avoid
> +	 * cacheline trashing.
> +	 */
> +	if (!rdp->qs_pending)
> +		return;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * Was there a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace
> +	 * period? If no, then exit and wait for the next call.
> +	 */
> +	if (!rdp->passed_quiesc)
> +		return;
> +	rdp->qs_pending = 0;
> +
> +	spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
> +	/*
> +	 * rdp->quiescbatch/rcp->cur and the cpu bitmap can come out of sync
> +	 * during cpu startup. Ignore the quiescent state.
> +	 */
> +	if (likely(rdp->quiescbatch == rcp->cur))
> +		cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
> +
> +	spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
> +}
> +
> +
> +#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
> +
> +/* warning! helper for rcu_offline_cpu. do not use elsewhere without reviewing
> + * locking requirements, the list it's pulling from has to belong to a cpu
> + * which is dead and hence not processing interrupts.
> + */
> +static void rcu_move_batch(struct rcu_data *this_rdp, struct rcu_head *list,
> +				struct rcu_head **tail)
> +{
> +	local_irq_disable();
> +	*this_rdp->nxttail = list;
> +	if (list)
> +		this_rdp->nxttail = tail;
> +	local_irq_enable();
> +}
> +
> +static void __rcu_offline_cpu(struct rcu_data *this_rdp,
> +				struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	/* if the cpu going offline owns the grace period
> +	 * we can block indefinitely waiting for it, so flush
> +	 * it here
> +	 */
> +	spin_lock_bh(&rcp->lock);
> +	if (rcp->cur != rcp->completed)
> +		cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
> +	spin_unlock_bh(&rcp->lock);
> +	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->curlist, rdp->curtail);
> +	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->nxtlist, rdp->nxttail);
> +	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->donelist, rdp->donetail);
> +}
> +
> +static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_data *this_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> +	struct rcu_data *this_bh_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> +
> +	__rcu_offline_cpu(this_rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk,
> +					&per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu));
> +	__rcu_offline_cpu(this_bh_rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk,
> +					&per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
> +	put_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> +	put_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> +	tasklet_kill_immediate(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu), cpu);
> +}
> +
> +#else
> +
> +static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
> +{
> +}
> +
> +#endif
> +
> +/*
> + * This does the RCU processing work from tasklet context.
> + */
> +static void __rcu_process_callbacks(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> +					struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch)) {
> +		*rdp->donetail = rdp->curlist;
> +		rdp->donetail = rdp->curtail;
> +		rdp->curlist = NULL;
> +		rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
> +	}
> +
> +	if (rdp->nxtlist && !rdp->curlist) {
> +		local_irq_disable();
> +		rdp->curlist = rdp->nxtlist;
> +		rdp->curtail = rdp->nxttail;
> +		rdp->nxtlist = NULL;
> +		rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
> +		local_irq_enable();
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * start the next batch of callbacks
> +		 */
> +
> +		/* determine batch number */
> +		rdp->batch = rcp->cur + 1;
> +		/* see the comment and corresponding wmb() in
> +		 * the rcu_start_batch()
> +		 */
> +		smp_rmb();
> +
> +		if (!rcp->next_pending) {
> +			/* and start it/schedule start if it's a new batch */
> +			spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
> +			rcp->next_pending = 1;
> +			rcu_start_batch(rcp);
> +			spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
> +		}
> +	}
> +
> +	rcu_check_quiescent_state(rcp, rdp);
> +	if (rdp->donelist)
> +		rcu_do_batch(rdp);
> +}
> +
> +static void rcu_process_callbacks(unsigned long unused)
> +{
> +	__rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data));
> +	__rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data));
> +}
> +
> +static int __rcu_pending(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	/* This cpu has pending rcu entries and the grace period
> +	 * for them has completed.
> +	 */
> +	if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch))
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	/* This cpu has no pending entries, but there are new entries */
> +	if (!rdp->curlist && rdp->nxtlist)
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	/* This cpu has finished callbacks to invoke */
> +	if (rdp->donelist)
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	/* The rcu core waits for a quiescent state from the cpu */
> +	if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur || rdp->qs_pending)
> +		return 1;
> +
> +	/* nothing to do */
> +	return 0;
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Check to see if there is any immediate RCU-related work to be done
> + * by the current CPU, returning 1 if so.  This function is part of the
> + * RCU implementation; it is -not- an exported member of the RCU API.
> + */
> +int rcu_pending(int cpu)
> +{
> +	return __rcu_pending(&rcu_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu)) ||
> +		__rcu_pending(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
> +}
> +
> +/*
> + * Check to see if any future RCU-related work will need to be done
> + * by the current CPU, even if none need be done immediately, returning
> + * 1 if so.  This function is part of the RCU implementation; it is -not-
> + * an exported member of the RCU API.
> + */
> +int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp_bh = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> +
> +	return (!!rdp->curlist || !!rdp_bh->curlist || rcu_pending(cpu));
> +}
> +
> +void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
> +{
> +	if (user ||
> +	    (idle_cpu(cpu) && !in_softirq() &&
> +				hardirq_count() <= (1 << HARDIRQ_SHIFT))) {
> +		rcu_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> +		rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> +	} else if (!in_softirq())
> +		rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> +	tasklet_schedule(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu));
> +}
> +
> +static void rcu_init_percpu_data(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> +						struct rcu_data *rdp)
> +{
> +	memset(rdp, 0, sizeof(*rdp));
> +	rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
> +	rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
> +	rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
> +	rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->completed;
> +	rdp->qs_pending = 0;
> +	rdp->cpu = cpu;
> +	rdp->blimit = blimit;
> +}
> +
> +static void __devinit rcu_online_cpu(int cpu)
> +{
> +	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> +	struct rcu_data *bh_rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> +
> +	rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_ctrlblk, rdp);
> +	rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk, bh_rdp);
> +	tasklet_init(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu), rcu_process_callbacks, 0UL);
> +}
> +
> +static int __cpuinit rcu_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
> +				unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
> +{
> +	long cpu = (long)hcpu;
> +	switch (action) {
> +	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
> +		rcu_online_cpu(cpu);
> +		break;
> +	case CPU_DEAD:
> +		rcu_offline_cpu(cpu);
> +		break;
> +	default:
> +		break;
> +	}
> +	return NOTIFY_OK;
> +}
> +
> +static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata rcu_nb = {
> +	.notifier_call	= rcu_cpu_notify,
> +};
> +
> +/*
> + * Initializes rcu mechanism.  Assumed to be called early.
> + * That is before local timer(SMP) or jiffie timer (uniproc) is setup.
> + * Note that rcu_qsctr and friends are implicitly
> + * initialized due to the choice of ``0'' for RCU_CTR_INVALID.
> + */
> +void __init __rcu_init(void)
> +{
> +	rcu_cpu_notify(&rcu_nb, CPU_UP_PREPARE,
> +			(void *)(long)smp_processor_id());
> +	/* Register notifier for non-boot CPUs */
> +	register_cpu_notifier(&rcu_nb);
> +}
> +
> +module_param(blimit, int, 0);
> +module_param(qhimark, int, 0);
> +module_param(qlowmark, int, 0);
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed);
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed_bh);
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu);
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu_bh);
> diff -puN kernel/rcupdate.c~rcu-split-classic kernel/rcupdate.c
> --- linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu/kernel/rcupdate.c~rcu-split-classic	2007-01-14 23:04:09.000000000 +0530
> +++ linux-2.6.20-rc3-mm1-rcu-dipankar/kernel/rcupdate.c	2007-01-15 15:36:09.000000000 +0530
> @@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
>   * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
>   * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
>   *
> - * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2001
> + * Copyright IBM Corporation, 2001
>   *
>   * Authors: Dipankar Sarma <[email protected]>
>   *	    Manfred Spraul <[email protected]>
> @@ -35,157 +35,58 @@
>  #include <linux/init.h>
>  #include <linux/spinlock.h>
>  #include <linux/smp.h>
> -#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
>  #include <linux/interrupt.h>
>  #include <linux/sched.h>
>  #include <asm/atomic.h>
>  #include <linux/bitops.h>
> -#include <linux/module.h>
>  #include <linux/completion.h>
> -#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
>  #include <linux/percpu.h>
> -#include <linux/notifier.h>
>  #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
>  #include <linux/cpu.h>
>  #include <linux/mutex.h>
> +#include <linux/module.h>
> 
> -/* Definition for rcupdate control block. */
> -static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_ctrlblk = {
> -	.cur = -300,
> -	.completed = -300,
> -	.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_ctrlblk.lock),
> -	.cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
> -};
> -static struct rcu_ctrlblk rcu_bh_ctrlblk = {
> -	.cur = -300,
> -	.completed = -300,
> -	.lock = __SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk.lock),
> -	.cpumask = CPU_MASK_NONE,
> +struct rcu_synchronize {
> +	struct rcu_head head;
> +	struct completion completion;
>  };
> 
> -DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_data) = { 0L };
> -DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_data, rcu_bh_data) = { 0L };
> -
> -/* Fake initialization required by compiler */
> -static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct tasklet_struct, rcu_tasklet) = {NULL};
> -static int blimit = 10;
> -static int qhimark = 10000;
> -static int qlowmark = 100;
> -
> +static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct rcu_head, rcu_barrier_head);
>  static atomic_t rcu_barrier_cpu_count;
>  static DEFINE_MUTEX(rcu_barrier_mutex);
>  static struct completion rcu_barrier_completion;
> 
> -#ifdef CONFIG_SMP
> -static void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp,
> -			struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> -{
> -	int cpu;
> -	cpumask_t cpumask;
> -	set_need_resched();
> -	if (unlikely(!rcp->signaled)) {
> -		rcp->signaled = 1;
> -		/*
> -		 * Don't send IPI to itself. With irqs disabled,
> -		 * rdp->cpu is the current cpu.
> -		 */
> -		cpumask = rcp->cpumask;
> -		cpu_clear(rdp->cpu, cpumask);
> -		for_each_cpu_mask(cpu, cpumask)
> -			smp_send_reschedule(cpu);
> -	}
> -}
> -#else
> -static inline void force_quiescent_state(struct rcu_data *rdp,
> -			struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> +/* Because of FASTCALL declaration of complete, we use this wrapper */
> +static void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head  *head)
>  {
> -	set_need_resched();
> +	struct rcu_synchronize *rcu;
> +
> +	rcu = container_of(head, struct rcu_synchronize, head);
> +	complete(&rcu->completion);
>  }
> -#endif
> 
>  /**
> - * call_rcu - Queue an RCU callback for invocation after a grace period.
> - * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> - * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
> + * synchronize_rcu - wait until a grace period has elapsed.
>   *
> - * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> - * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> + * Control will return to the caller some time after a full grace
> + * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing RCU
>   * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
>   * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
>   * and may be nested.
> - */
> -void fastcall call_rcu(struct rcu_head *head,
> -				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
> -{
> -	unsigned long flags;
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp;
> -
> -	head->func = func;
> -	head->next = NULL;
> -	local_irq_save(flags);
> -	rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> -	*rdp->nxttail = head;
> -	rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
> -	if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
> -		rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
> -		force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk);
> -	}
> -	local_irq_restore(flags);
> -}
> -
> -/**
> - * call_rcu_bh - Queue an RCU for invocation after a quicker grace period.
> - * @head: structure to be used for queueing the RCU updates.
> - * @func: actual update function to be invoked after the grace period
>   *
> - * The update function will be invoked some time after a full grace
> - * period elapses, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> - * read-side critical sections have completed. call_rcu_bh() assumes
> - * that the read-side critical sections end on completion of a softirq
> - * handler. This means that read-side critical sections in process
> - * context must not be interrupted by softirqs. This interface is to be
> - * used when most of the read-side critical sections are in softirq context.
> - * RCU read-side critical sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and
> - * rcu_read_unlock(), * if in interrupt context or rcu_read_lock_bh()
> - * and rcu_read_unlock_bh(), if in process context. These may be nested.
> + * If your read-side code is not protected by rcu_read_lock(), do -not-
> + * use synchronize_rcu().
>   */
> -void fastcall call_rcu_bh(struct rcu_head *head,
> -				void (*func)(struct rcu_head *rcu))
> +void synchronize_rcu(void)
>  {
> -	unsigned long flags;
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp;
> -
> -	head->func = func;
> -	head->next = NULL;
> -	local_irq_save(flags);
> -	rdp = &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> -	*rdp->nxttail = head;
> -	rdp->nxttail = &head->next;
> -
> -	if (unlikely(++rdp->qlen > qhimark)) {
> -		rdp->blimit = INT_MAX;
> -		force_quiescent_state(rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk);
> -	}
> -
> -	local_irq_restore(flags);
> -}
> +	struct rcu_synchronize rcu;
> 
> -/*
> - * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far.  Useful
> - * for debug and statistics.
> - */
> -long rcu_batches_completed(void)
> -{
> -	return rcu_ctrlblk.completed;
> -}
> +	init_completion(&rcu.completion);
> +	/* Will wake me after RCU finished */
> +	call_rcu(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
> 
> -/*
> - * Return the number of RCU batches processed thus far.  Useful
> - * for debug and statistics.
> - */
> -long rcu_batches_completed_bh(void)
> -{
> -	return rcu_bh_ctrlblk.completed;
> +	/* Wait for it */
> +	wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
>  }
> 
>  static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct rcu_head *notused)
> @@ -200,10 +101,8 @@ static void rcu_barrier_callback(struct
>  static void rcu_barrier_func(void *notused)
>  {
>  	int cpu = smp_processor_id();
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> -	struct rcu_head *head;
> +	struct rcu_head *head = &per_cpu(rcu_barrier_head, cpu);
> 
> -	head = &rdp->barrier;
>  	atomic_inc(&rcu_barrier_cpu_count);
>  	call_rcu(head, rcu_barrier_callback);
>  }
> @@ -222,414 +121,11 @@ void rcu_barrier(void)
>  	wait_for_completion(&rcu_barrier_completion);
>  	mutex_unlock(&rcu_barrier_mutex);
>  }
> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier);
> -
> -/*
> - * Invoke the completed RCU callbacks. They are expected to be in
> - * a per-cpu list.
> - */
> -static void rcu_do_batch(struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_head *next, *list;
> -	int count = 0;
> -
> -	list = rdp->donelist;
> -	while (list) {
> -		next = list->next;
> -		prefetch(next);
> -		list->func(list);
> -		list = next;
> -		if (++count >= rdp->blimit)
> -			break;
> -	}
> -	rdp->donelist = list;
> -
> -	local_irq_disable();
> -	rdp->qlen -= count;
> -	local_irq_enable();
> -	if (rdp->blimit == INT_MAX && rdp->qlen <= qlowmark)
> -		rdp->blimit = blimit;
> -
> -	if (!rdp->donelist)
> -		rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
> -	else
> -		tasklet_schedule(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, rdp->cpu));
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Grace period handling:
> - * The grace period handling consists out of two steps:
> - * - A new grace period is started.
> - *   This is done by rcu_start_batch. The start is not broadcasted to
> - *   all cpus, they must pick this up by comparing rcp->cur with
> - *   rdp->quiescbatch. All cpus are recorded  in the
> - *   rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask bitmap.
> - * - All cpus must go through a quiescent state.
> - *   Since the start of the grace period is not broadcasted, at least two
> - *   calls to rcu_check_quiescent_state are required:
> - *   The first call just notices that a new grace period is running. The
> - *   following calls check if there was a quiescent state since the beginning
> - *   of the grace period. If so, it updates rcu_ctrlblk.cpumask. If
> - *   the bitmap is empty, then the grace period is completed.
> - *   rcu_check_quiescent_state calls rcu_start_batch(0) to start the next grace
> - *   period (if necessary).
> - */
> -/*
> - * Register a new batch of callbacks, and start it up if there is currently no
> - * active batch and the batch to be registered has not already occurred.
> - * Caller must hold rcu_ctrlblk.lock.
> - */
> -static void rcu_start_batch(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> -{
> -	if (rcp->next_pending &&
> -			rcp->completed == rcp->cur) {
> -		rcp->next_pending = 0;
> -		/*
> -		 * next_pending == 0 must be visible in
> -		 * __rcu_process_callbacks() before it can see new value of cur.
> -		 */
> -		smp_wmb();
> -		rcp->cur++;
> -
> -		/*
> -		 * Accessing nohz_cpu_mask before incrementing rcp->cur needs a
> -		 * Barrier  Otherwise it can cause tickless idle CPUs to be
> -		 * included in rcp->cpumask, which will extend graceperiods
> -		 * unnecessarily.
> -		 */
> -		smp_mb();
> -		cpus_andnot(rcp->cpumask, cpu_online_map, nohz_cpu_mask);
> -
> -		rcp->signaled = 0;
> -	}
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * cpu went through a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace period.
> - * Clear it from the cpu mask and complete the grace period if it was the last
> - * cpu. Start another grace period if someone has further entries pending
> - */
> -static void cpu_quiet(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp)
> -{
> -	cpu_clear(cpu, rcp->cpumask);
> -	if (cpus_empty(rcp->cpumask)) {
> -		/* batch completed ! */
> -		rcp->completed = rcp->cur;
> -		rcu_start_batch(rcp);
> -	}
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Check if the cpu has gone through a quiescent state (say context
> - * switch). If so and if it already hasn't done so in this RCU
> - * quiescent cycle, then indicate that it has done so.
> - */
> -static void rcu_check_quiescent_state(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> -					struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur) {
> -		/* start new grace period: */
> -		rdp->qs_pending = 1;
> -		rdp->passed_quiesc = 0;
> -		rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->cur;
> -		return;
> -	}
> -
> -	/* Grace period already completed for this cpu?
> -	 * qs_pending is checked instead of the actual bitmap to avoid
> -	 * cacheline trashing.
> -	 */
> -	if (!rdp->qs_pending)
> -		return;
> -
> -	/*
> -	 * Was there a quiescent state since the beginning of the grace
> -	 * period? If no, then exit and wait for the next call.
> -	 */
> -	if (!rdp->passed_quiesc)
> -		return;
> -	rdp->qs_pending = 0;
> -
> -	spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
> -	/*
> -	 * rdp->quiescbatch/rcp->cur and the cpu bitmap can come out of sync
> -	 * during cpu startup. Ignore the quiescent state.
> -	 */
> -	if (likely(rdp->quiescbatch == rcp->cur))
> -		cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
> -
> -	spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
> -}
> -
> -
> -#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
> -
> -/* warning! helper for rcu_offline_cpu. do not use elsewhere without reviewing
> - * locking requirements, the list it's pulling from has to belong to a cpu
> - * which is dead and hence not processing interrupts.
> - */
> -static void rcu_move_batch(struct rcu_data *this_rdp, struct rcu_head *list,
> -				struct rcu_head **tail)
> -{
> -	local_irq_disable();
> -	*this_rdp->nxttail = list;
> -	if (list)
> -		this_rdp->nxttail = tail;
> -	local_irq_enable();
> -}
> -
> -static void __rcu_offline_cpu(struct rcu_data *this_rdp,
> -				struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	/* if the cpu going offline owns the grace period
> -	 * we can block indefinitely waiting for it, so flush
> -	 * it here
> -	 */
> -	spin_lock_bh(&rcp->lock);
> -	if (rcp->cur != rcp->completed)
> -		cpu_quiet(rdp->cpu, rcp);
> -	spin_unlock_bh(&rcp->lock);
> -	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->curlist, rdp->curtail);
> -	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->nxtlist, rdp->nxttail);
> -	rcu_move_batch(this_rdp, rdp->donelist, rdp->donetail);
> -}
> -
> -static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_data *this_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> -	struct rcu_data *this_bh_rdp = &get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> -
> -	__rcu_offline_cpu(this_rdp, &rcu_ctrlblk,
> -					&per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu));
> -	__rcu_offline_cpu(this_bh_rdp, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk,
> -					&per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
> -	put_cpu_var(rcu_data);
> -	put_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data);
> -	tasklet_kill_immediate(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu), cpu);
> -}
> -
> -#else
> 
> -static void rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu)
> -{
> -}
> -
> -#endif
> -
> -/*
> - * This does the RCU processing work from tasklet context.
> - */
> -static void __rcu_process_callbacks(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> -					struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch)) {
> -		*rdp->donetail = rdp->curlist;
> -		rdp->donetail = rdp->curtail;
> -		rdp->curlist = NULL;
> -		rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
> -	}
> -
> -	if (rdp->nxtlist && !rdp->curlist) {
> -		local_irq_disable();
> -		rdp->curlist = rdp->nxtlist;
> -		rdp->curtail = rdp->nxttail;
> -		rdp->nxtlist = NULL;
> -		rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
> -		local_irq_enable();
> -
> -		/*
> -		 * start the next batch of callbacks
> -		 */
> -
> -		/* determine batch number */
> -		rdp->batch = rcp->cur + 1;
> -		/* see the comment and corresponding wmb() in
> -		 * the rcu_start_batch()
> -		 */
> -		smp_rmb();
> -
> -		if (!rcp->next_pending) {
> -			/* and start it/schedule start if it's a new batch */
> -			spin_lock(&rcp->lock);
> -			rcp->next_pending = 1;
> -			rcu_start_batch(rcp);
> -			spin_unlock(&rcp->lock);
> -		}
> -	}
> -
> -	rcu_check_quiescent_state(rcp, rdp);
> -	if (rdp->donelist)
> -		rcu_do_batch(rdp);
> -}
> -
> -static void rcu_process_callbacks(unsigned long unused)
> -{
> -	__rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_data));
> -	__rcu_process_callbacks(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &__get_cpu_var(rcu_bh_data));
> -}
> -
> -static int __rcu_pending(struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp, struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	/* This cpu has pending rcu entries and the grace period
> -	 * for them has completed.
> -	 */
> -	if (rdp->curlist && !rcu_batch_before(rcp->completed, rdp->batch))
> -		return 1;
> -
> -	/* This cpu has no pending entries, but there are new entries */
> -	if (!rdp->curlist && rdp->nxtlist)
> -		return 1;
> -
> -	/* This cpu has finished callbacks to invoke */
> -	if (rdp->donelist)
> -		return 1;
> -
> -	/* The rcu core waits for a quiescent state from the cpu */
> -	if (rdp->quiescbatch != rcp->cur || rdp->qs_pending)
> -		return 1;
> -
> -	/* nothing to do */
> -	return 0;
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Check to see if there is any immediate RCU-related work to be done
> - * by the current CPU, returning 1 if so.  This function is part of the
> - * RCU implementation; it is -not- an exported member of the RCU API.
> - */
> -int rcu_pending(int cpu)
> -{
> -	return __rcu_pending(&rcu_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu)) ||
> -		__rcu_pending(&rcu_bh_ctrlblk, &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu));
> -}
> -
> -/*
> - * Check to see if any future RCU-related work will need to be done
> - * by the current CPU, even if none need be done immediately, returning
> - * 1 if so.  This function is part of the RCU implementation; it is -not-
> - * an exported member of the RCU API.
> - */
> -int rcu_needs_cpu(int cpu)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp_bh = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> -
> -	return (!!rdp->curlist || !!rdp_bh->curlist || rcu_pending(cpu));
> -}
> -
> -void rcu_check_callbacks(int cpu, int user)
> -{
> -	if (user ||
> -	    (idle_cpu(cpu) && !in_softirq() &&
> -				hardirq_count() <= (1 << HARDIRQ_SHIFT))) {
> -		rcu_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> -		rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> -	} else if (!in_softirq())
> -		rcu_bh_qsctr_inc(cpu);
> -	tasklet_schedule(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu));
> -}
> -
> -static void rcu_init_percpu_data(int cpu, struct rcu_ctrlblk *rcp,
> -						struct rcu_data *rdp)
> -{
> -	memset(rdp, 0, sizeof(*rdp));
> -	rdp->curtail = &rdp->curlist;
> -	rdp->nxttail = &rdp->nxtlist;
> -	rdp->donetail = &rdp->donelist;
> -	rdp->quiescbatch = rcp->completed;
> -	rdp->qs_pending = 0;
> -	rdp->cpu = cpu;
> -	rdp->blimit = blimit;
> -}
> -
> -static void __devinit rcu_online_cpu(int cpu)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_data *rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_data, cpu);
> -	struct rcu_data *bh_rdp = &per_cpu(rcu_bh_data, cpu);
> -
> -	rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_ctrlblk, rdp);
> -	rcu_init_percpu_data(cpu, &rcu_bh_ctrlblk, bh_rdp);
> -	tasklet_init(&per_cpu(rcu_tasklet, cpu), rcu_process_callbacks, 0UL);
> -}
> -
> -static int __cpuinit rcu_cpu_notify(struct notifier_block *self,
> -				unsigned long action, void *hcpu)
> -{
> -	long cpu = (long)hcpu;
> -	switch (action) {
> -	case CPU_UP_PREPARE:
> -		rcu_online_cpu(cpu);
> -		break;
> -	case CPU_DEAD:
> -		rcu_offline_cpu(cpu);
> -		break;
> -	default:
> -		break;
> -	}
> -	return NOTIFY_OK;
> -}
> -
> -static struct notifier_block __cpuinitdata rcu_nb = {
> -	.notifier_call	= rcu_cpu_notify,
> -};
> -
> -/*
> - * Initializes rcu mechanism.  Assumed to be called early.
> - * That is before local timer(SMP) or jiffie timer (uniproc) is setup.
> - * Note that rcu_qsctr and friends are implicitly
> - * initialized due to the choice of ``0'' for RCU_CTR_INVALID.
> - */
>  void __init rcu_init(void)
>  {
> -	rcu_cpu_notify(&rcu_nb, CPU_UP_PREPARE,
> -			(void *)(long)smp_processor_id());
> -	/* Register notifier for non-boot CPUs */
> -	register_cpu_notifier(&rcu_nb);
> -}
> -
> -struct rcu_synchronize {
> -	struct rcu_head head;
> -	struct completion completion;
> -};
> -
> -/* Because of FASTCALL declaration of complete, we use this wrapper */
> -static void wakeme_after_rcu(struct rcu_head  *head)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_synchronize *rcu;
> -
> -	rcu = container_of(head, struct rcu_synchronize, head);
> -	complete(&rcu->completion);
> -}
> -
> -/**
> - * synchronize_rcu - wait until a grace period has elapsed.
> - *
> - * Control will return to the caller some time after a full grace
> - * period has elapsed, in other words after all currently executing RCU
> - * read-side critical sections have completed.  RCU read-side critical
> - * sections are delimited by rcu_read_lock() and rcu_read_unlock(),
> - * and may be nested.
> - *
> - * If your read-side code is not protected by rcu_read_lock(), do -not-
> - * use synchronize_rcu().
> - */
> -void synchronize_rcu(void)
> -{
> -	struct rcu_synchronize rcu;
> -
> -	init_completion(&rcu.completion);
> -	/* Will wake me after RCU finished */
> -	call_rcu(&rcu.head, wakeme_after_rcu);
> -
> -	/* Wait for it */
> -	wait_for_completion(&rcu.completion);
> +	__rcu_init();
>  }
> -
> -module_param(blimit, int, 0);
> -module_param(qhimark, int, 0);
> -module_param(qlowmark, int, 0);
> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed);
> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_batches_completed_bh);
> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu);
> -EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(call_rcu_bh);
> +
> +EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(rcu_barrier);
>  EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(synchronize_rcu);
> 
> _
-
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