Hi Feng,
FENG ZHOU writes:
> Hello, all
> I am optimizing a compiler and I believe there is a bug in such
> compile. Currently, I have a test case, which is a scientific
> application, has a lot of system time. This is weird, because this
> case does not have many system calls. Meanwhile, compiled at another
> option, I found all the "system time" are gone! So, I assume there is
> some problem in the first one (though both binary produce correct
> result). I used some performance tuning tool and found the hottest
> address for CPU privilege level change event is: 0xa000000100001a70.
> This address is not in code or data segment. Now, I am kinda stuck
> here. My question is: how to find what this address is? Or find out
> what is the cause of the "system time"? Thanks in advance.
>
> PS: the platform is Itanium 2.
This address is from inside the kernel. On the Itanium arch, kernel starts at
0xa000000100000000
So you want the to see what function in your kernel is at address 0x1a70.
Looking at arch/ia64/kernel/ivt.S, it could either be an "Instruction Key Miss",
which starts at address 0x1800, but I'm not sure that function reaches your
address. Also, the "page_fault" code is right below the ikey_miss code, so that
could be a culprit. To make sure, please get your kernel binary (vmlinux) and
disassemble it with objdump. Check in which function the 0x1a70 address lies.
If it's a "Instruction Key Miss", your compiler is _probably_ generating
instructions incorrectly. If it's page-faults, well, data is being accessed
differently.
Also, Oprofile is a tool that is worth learning how to use:
http://oprofile.sf.net/
good luck,
Livio
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